i8 



HARDWOOD RECORD 



Fi'liruory '.(i, llllfl 



TAH1.E «t — nAIRYMEN-a POOLTBRERr. AND APIARISTS' SUPPLIES. 



Quantltr UBrd 



At. rost Total ct>at 

 f. o. b. 

 fKctor> 



l.ooo 

 1.000 



lO.TI 



.7* 

 .TS 



1,000 fl. 

 Ifl S4 



32. fO 

 23 00 



BOB 



Orown Grown 

 In Ind. out of Ind. 

 rvet b.m. F>*t b m. 

 IT.»4« 



ss.sso 



SB. MO 

 1.000 

 1.000 



TotB! 



IST.SM lOaOO tS0.S8 t 2.007 



tT.lOt 



es.a4i 



FoUo»viiig are the mniiufnrliir«rs of dairymen 'b, poult«roni' and 

 aptarifitfl' suppliiM in Indiana: B.-uita i IVndor Compiinv, I,it;<inior; 

 Sttitznian Manufacturing Company, Li(ronior; J. J. Brndncr, Marlon. 



MiSCELLAN'EODB 



In compilinf; statistics of \Tood-usin(; industries in Indiana, it was 

 .■onnd necessary to classify the use of .'',134,827 feet ns misrellanpons. 

 A number of distinct industries are included, but each is roprej^ented 

 by only one or two mnnufacfurcrs, and to show the output of one or 

 two foctories sepnrntely from all others would reveni individual opera- 

 tions. These considerations have made it advisable that such data 

 be pot topother as luisccllanoous without displaying individual figures. 



In the followinp summary of the miscellaneous data in this state, 

 mention is made of some of the principal it^m.-i only, together with 

 the woods which have been reported in their manufacture. 



Hoops for fish nets arc made of oak. The wood bends readily 

 and its strength further qualifies it for that use. 



Hickory separated into small splints is employed as fiber for cer- 

 tain kinds of brushes. A number of vegetable b.orks, leaves and fibers 

 are reported by brush makers in other states. Hickory splints for 

 street brooms give satiffaotory results. The pioneers made "split" 

 brooms from hickory saplings. Oak is objectionable because of the 

 tendency of the narrow splints to roll up when soaked with water and 

 left to dry. 



Yellow poplar is the only wood appearing in the lists aa material 

 for cheese cutting machines. The reason why it alone is selected is not 

 stated. 



Horseshoeing racks for blacksmiths are constructed of longleaf pine. 

 It is sufficiently hard to wear well and is strong enough to stand the 

 ■trains put npon it. 



When paper is prepared for shipment it is rolled in convenient 

 sizes. The center of the roll is hollow, but the ends are closed by 

 wooden plugs. The plugs may be of any kind of wood. No special 

 qualities are required. Those reported in Indiana are beech, maplo, 

 elm, sycamore and pcpiar. 



A single carpet sweeper does not require much wood in its con- 

 struction, but some high-class material is used. Many housekeepers 

 eonsider the carpet sweeper as a piece of furniture, a:.d when they 

 buy one they wish to match their other furniture, whether oak, walnut, 

 maple, mahogany or some other wood. The manufacturer of the 

 sweeper bears this in mind and caters to the demand. Indiana reports 

 list oak, sycamore, beech, red gum, basswood, birch, mahogany, black 

 walnut and Circassian walnut as sweeper materials. Beech's prin- 

 cipal place is as handles; basswood serves as cores for veneer overlay. 



Elm, red gum and yellow poplar are in the list of brush block mate- 

 rials. Several other woods, especially maple and birch, are equally 

 serviceable for this purpose. A wood is wanted which is not much 

 injured by frequent wettings, because many brushes are used in con- 

 nection with water. The manufacture of brush backs — usually called 

 "blocks" — is separate from the process of inserting the bristles or 

 fiber which completes the article. Blocks of standard pattern and 

 regulation sizes are sold to the finishers who complete the articles. 

 More than one hundred kinds of brushes are said to be on the market. 

 Some of them are made of expensive woods, both domestic and foreign, 

 while others are coarse and demand only the most ordinary woods. 



Excelsior's chief use is in packing merchandise for shipment. It has 

 largely taken the place of straw for that purpose. It is more elastic 

 than straw and it can be handled more easily. Considerable quantities 

 of excelsior are employed in upholstering, it being a substitute for 

 hair and Spanish moss. It is inferior to both and it has a place only 

 because it is cheap. Indiana cutters of excelsior report as raw mate- 

 rial basswood, cottonwoo<1. yellow poplar and willow. 



Two woods only nri- i ^i. i h- nuiii n.u lor telephone enbine««, white 

 oak and red onk. 



The smallcHt articles of wood reported in tlio Btiit<< are matches. 

 NVliito pine is the only wood usod, but in other atntes btuinwnod, sugar 

 pine. Port Orford cednr and others arc worked into matches. A num- 

 ber of rtxiuircmcnts must be met before a match wood is wholly KStis- 

 factory. It must burn well, and must not retain a glowing cmlier 

 when the flame expires. Cross grain and other dttfocta which noaken 

 the splint are also not allowable. 



The only wooden printing material manufactured in Indiana, 

 according to available data, is the bnseblook on which the engraver 

 mounts his halftone cut or zinc eUhing and which the cloctrotypcr uses 

 to make his plate type high. Cherry alone is reported in the state, 

 but a number of oflier woods make good blocks. Among nurh are 

 maple, birch, oak, mahogany and beech. It must be hard enough to 

 hold tho small nails which fasten the plates on, and it must be reason- 

 ably free from tendency to warp when brought in contact with damp- 

 ness. Cherry is regarded as tho best basoblock wood, but, on account 

 of its high cost, others are substituted. 



Pumps, including sucker rods, stocks or logs, handles and buckets 

 are made from oak, ash, yellow poplar and elm in Indiana. Sucker 

 rods must be strong and oak and ash provide material for most of 

 them. The stock or log is bored its whole length with an auger about 

 three inches in diameter. Yellow poplar is preferred, but a number 

 of other woods have been found satisfactory, particularly cucumber 

 and basswood. Well-buckets in this state are of elm, according to 

 the reports of manufacturers. 



Rollers for window shades, maps and awnings are of maple and 

 chestnut. The latter is also used for curtain poles. It is customary 

 to make window shade rollers of white pine, with maple plugs inserted 

 to hold the springs which rewind the shade after it has been drawn, 

 but no pine i.s mentioned in Indiana statistics. 



Automatic bowling alleys are constructed of basswood, longleaf 

 pine and white oak, and the pins are of maple. Ordinary bowling 

 aUeys are made almost exclusively of maple. 



Baseball bats of both white and black ash constitute one of the 

 minor products of the state's wood-using factories. No preference is 

 announced for either wood. Both possess sufficient strength and hard- 

 ness, and are capable of receiving the necessary polish. Bats for 

 children are of basswood. That wood is too soft, light and weak to 

 withstand the punishment administered to the bat by a profession.aI. 



Indiana manufacturers of children 's toys produce wagons, carts and 

 wheelbarrows of ash, j-ellow poplar, oak and maple. The industry in 

 the state is of moderate size. Most wooden toys made in America are 

 planned with the idea of usefulness as well as amusement. In that 

 respect they differ from most of the wooden toys imported from 

 Europe, which are intended for amusement only. 



Game boards are made of sycamore, but that wood is only one of 

 a number suitable for these articles. Yellow poplar, basswood, maple, 

 elm, Cottonwood and beech are used for this purpose in other states. 



Many veneer trunks are made in Indiana and four woods are on the 

 list of material — red gum, basswood, elm and Cottonwood. The box 

 of the trunk ip of red gum veneer, usually in three plies. This affords 

 much greater strength than is possible with a solid wood frame of 

 eq\ial thickness. The grain of the middle sheet of veneer crosses that 

 of the outside sheets at right angles, constituting what is known as 

 cross-banding. Tendency to split is thus counteracted. The box is 

 covered with canvas, leather or metal and is reinforced with elm or 

 Cottonwood slats nailed on the outside. The tray, compartments and 

 drawers are of veneer or thin basswood lumber. Trunk makers select 

 their woods carefully, because they must secure the greatest strength 

 with the minimum of weight. 



TABLE 65, — MISCELLANEOUS. 



Quanllly us^d Av. coat Total cost 'jro-arn Grown 



nnnu.'.lly per f, o. b. tn Ind. out of Ind. 



Kind of wood, FePt h m, % 1.000 ft, factory, Fctt b.m. Fept b,m. 



White pine 1.28.-1.1100 ir,.74 » 40.70 » 02.080 l,2n.-).000 



Basswood 1,137,000 14,1.'. 16,60 18,87!) ]2.',,000 1,012.000 



Cottonwood 820,000 10,21 11.28 n.2.'iO 820.000 



White nsh 810,000 10.08 27,80 22..'-.20 7.')0.000 60.000 



Red ffiim 660.000 R.21 2.'i.4.'i 16,800 40,000 620,000 



Tellow poplar «.'54.r.no 7.00 II. Or. 7.r.S0 111.000 523,.'>00 



■White oaX 460.000 ,'•.72 3S.2S l.l.SIO 400.000 60,000 



Willow 400,000 4.08 10,00 4,000 400,000 



Red oaV 34,-.000 4 2!i .W.2S it 4>io 2«r, ooo 80.000 



