HARDWOOD RECORD 



ixuoiNa Vp History 



I'll.- ii'.Jnoud {>i<u|ili' take priilc in Rhowiiii; tlu- lu.Htiiit; |jru|it'r 

 ' •. of tht'ir wootl. Aniuiig the nporiiiit'iiK |iroiit<nt<>)l for tlmt luir- 



•>e wn» • rail, |K<rfi>otly Moiinil, ufter lii>iiiB •>urii><l fifty flvo yours. 



< roMtioH tlmt mtvoiI ninotoon yonrit in (ho niuiu lino uf the 

 ^■itithorn I'nrific milroml, without |in>m>rvutivo troHlniont of iiny 

 >ii(l, noro still iionn<). It in n ronimou NiiyinK thiit u rodwoutl tio 

 •' .'ly wp«r out but never rotii. 



Horoil lopi, used for water pipes for a >|iinrtiT of ii roiitury, 

 >,re in good rendition. 



A fonco post that stood fifty-two yearn nl Oakliiml, <'nl., ithowpd 

 • ' signs of decay, except to a small extent at the surfaro of the 

 rciund. 



A section uf a redwood cnl>in, fifty one years old, was liroii);lit 

 > the exhibition from near Oakland. Some of the shingles and 

 trame wore weathered .somewhat, apparently <lue to sand cnrrieil 

 1-y the wind, but decay had nwnle little ini])resHion. 



Two planks that were used in the construction of a tannine vnt, 

 by the Krieg Tanning Company, of San Francisco, in 1859, did not 

 bear a trace of decay. 



There were split shakes, or lonf; shin;^les, which lookeil old 

 enough to hare roofed Noah's ark, but the age in years was not 

 stated. Accompanying them was a kit of old-time shake maker's 

 tools, consisting of mauls, axes, frows, and a twelve-foot "man 

 killer" (cross cut saw). 



The Redwood Bungalow 



The bungalow was meant to show the modern uses of this wood. 

 I iic beamed ceiling, paneled walls, and exquisite finish told the 

 -tory well. The paneled doors, with door and window frames, 

 :ind the sash in the windows, the posts and columns for porches 

 "itii varieties of styles and finish, set redwood off to the best ad- 

 vantage. Redwood and sugar pine have shingled all the houses 

 and barns in California; and several bunches of shingles, so fresh 

 from the saw that the odor of raw wood was still present, showeil 

 that the mills are still turning out this product. 



Miscellaneous items were numerous. A fanning mill, beehive. 

 iiiii incubator were on the ground, and a stencil stamp revealed 

 'lit: fact that part of these articles were manufactured in Michi- 

 -■:in and showed that redwood is going far from home to uieef the 

 l<-mands of manufacturing. It is well known that redwood lum- 

 i-cr shipments have been crossing the Rocky Mountains for some 

 \ears. 



Articles of interior finish included balusters, spindles, pickets, 

 baseboards, chairboards, molding, and .samples of numerous colors 

 and styles of finish, from the plain wood up to the most deceptive 

 imitation of mahogany, cherry and rosewood. Sugi finish was 

 also in evidence. 



Mini.iture stave tanks were shown, and a model of a silo 

 (which was made east of the Horky Moiiiit.-iiiis). 



HENRY DISSTON & SONS 



The worker in wood, whether in the fu^est, mill, factory, or on 

 the farm, who has not a personal acquain^tance with the saws made 

 by Henry Disston & Sons, Philadelphi? is pretty hard to find in 

 this country. These manufacturers hna a booth at the Coliseum, 

 which was in churge of .T. R. Ncely, but t'-s-re was no exhibit of 

 saws. The purpose in being present was to meet old friends and 

 •Jistribute literature among new friends. A display of a full line 

 of the saws manufactured would ba%'e required a much larger space 

 than was awarded to this company at the exposition. 



BAERETT MANXJTACTtJRING COMPANY 

 The displ.-iy made by this ei)mi>any showed the materials for the 

 preservation of wood against attacks of insidious enemies, those 

 which destroy by inducing decay and those whose damage is done 

 by eating and boring the wood. The teredo and other marine 

 borers belong in the latter class, and a jar of alcohol contained 

 a bunch of teredoes just as they left off work in a block of pine 

 wood cut out of a pile in the harbor at Galveston, Tex. Samples 

 of timbers from that place were sliown, for the purpose of illustrat- 



iiit; hi.w MUX h more npt>etlr.iug i* a block of natural wooil than 

 unc pumped full of creonoto. 



The difference is quite apparent, ttne of the piles wan iiub- 

 jccted to swnrms of tereiloes in the brackish water on the Texas 

 const since IS7(t, and so far as could be seen the worms hail 

 never taken a nibble during thirty-seven years. The other pile, 

 of the same kind of wood, in the name situation, had been liter- 

 ally eaten up in two yearn. One was Hlloil with creosote, the 

 other wai not. 



The exhibit was in charge of K. B. Shipley. The various pre- 

 servative proilui'ts were shown, from the poisonous creosote oil 

 to the useful but ill smelling moth bull. The substanco 

 which balks the sea worm that has designs on a wharf pile is 

 the same as, but in different form than, the ball which disconcerts the 

 moth that contemplates a few hearty meals on the stored furs 

 during the summer season. It is substance from the same source, 

 also, which checks the entrance of fungus in wood and thus hinders 

 decay. The oils which accomplish so much are made principally 

 from coal, and there are ho many by-products that merely to 

 name them would make a list nearly as long as Homer's catalogue 

 of the ships. Among such are coke, tar, pitch, and dyes of every 

 color known on earth. 



HEMLOCK AND HARDWOOD EXHIBIT 



The exhiliit installed by the Northern llemloi-k and Hardwood 

 Manufacturers' .-Association and the Michigan Hardwood Manu- 

 facturers' Association was under the personal management of 

 R. S. Kellogg, secretary of the former, and .1. C. Knox, secretary 

 of the- latter. The head<|uarters of the Northern association are 

 at Wau.sau, Wis., and of the Michigan association at Cadillac. 



A bungalow with porch, four rooms and a bath was built of 

 Michigan and Wisconsin woods, eight in all being used, each one 

 in such a way as to show that particular wood as it appears in 

 practical use. The bungalow attracted a great deal of attention 

 and many persons visited it more than once. To those not previ- 

 ously acquainted with the pleasing appearance and substantial 

 character of the northern woods, the exhibit was a revelation 

 which created a most favorable impression. 



Everything was arranged with judgment and placed with skill. 

 The bungalow was fortunately so situated that all sides were 

 visible, and both the exterior and interior could be studied to 

 advantage. 



Display of Woods 



The following specifications and details show the use of the 

 several woods entering in the construction of the bungalow: 



The roof was of northern white cedar shingles laid on hemlock 

 boards, the shingles bi-ing stained green. The northern white 

 cedar (Thuja occidcntaHs is often called arbor-vitae, and is al- 

 ways so called when it is planted for ornament in parks and ceme- 

 teries. The tree attains only moderate size, and in its native 

 range is usually found in wet ground, sometimes in deep swamps. 

 It is very durable, and large amounts are made into shingles. 



Studding, rafters and joists were hemlock and were not visible 

 in the finished building. Hemlock's chief value lies in its stiff- 

 ness, strength and nail-holding power. It is largely employed in 

 rough construction, but much is used for frames, flooring, box 

 making and for many other purposes. There are four hemlocks 

 in the United States. This is the common northern species (Tmifja 

 canadensis). 



Siding of basswod, stained light brown, presented to the sight 

 a softness of tone, and a smoothness that was peculiarly pleasing. 

 This is one of the valuable northern hardwoods. It is classed as 

 a hardwood because it is a broadleaf species, but the wood is 

 softer than many of the pines. There are three kinds of bass- 

 wood, but all are so nearly alike that lumbermen make no dis- 

 tinction between them. 



The ceiling and floor of the bungalow porch were tamarack, 

 which is one of the abundant northern soft woods, but it is act- 

 ually harder than basswood, which is classed as a hardwood. It 

 is one of the few needlcleaf trees which shed their leaves every 



