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W^oods Used in Manufacturing 



statistics have been compiled by tlie Forest Service which show 

 for tlie first time precisely how the lumber produced in the country 

 is utilized. About 45,000,000,000 feet of lumber of all kinds is the 

 annual production in the United States; of this nearly 25,000,000,000 

 feet, board measure, are further manufactured, the other portion 

 remaining for rough construction lumber and for simOar purposes. 

 This is exclusive of that material which reaches its final use in the 

 form of fuel, railroad ties, posts, poles, pulpwood, cooperage, wood 

 distillates, and the barks and extracts demanded by the tanning 

 industry. • 



The quantity and kinds of wood received as raw material by shops 

 and factories and converted by further manufacture into finished 

 and salable articles are shown in the first of the accompanying tables. 

 The second lists the industries included in the investigation and gives 

 the quantity of material demanded in a single year of each of them. 



The work of collecting and compiling the figures extended over a 

 considerable period and was carried out state by state; but as one full 

 year was made the basis of statistics in each state the total is a fair 

 average of the use of lumber in further manufacture in the whole 

 country. Between fifty and sixty per cent of the lumber produced is 

 subject to further manufacture. In preparing the figures in this 

 way, however, it should be remembered that considerable material 

 reaches shops and factories in the form of logs, bolts, and billets, 

 without having passed through sawmills, and while this material is 

 included in these statistics this fact should bo remembered in compar- 

 ing the statistics with those of lumber production. 



^Nearly or quite 100 different WQods are used in this country under 

 their own names, while an unknown number find their way to shops 

 and factories without being identified or separately listed, except 

 under general names. In quantity the softwoods, the needle-leaf or 

 coniferous trees, are most important, but there is a greater number of 

 species among the hardwoods or broad-leaf trees. The amount of 

 each of the leading kinds of timber consumed by the wood manufac- 

 turing industries of the country is shown in the following table: 



The Industries 

 The table which follows lists fifty-five principal industries which 

 use wood as raw material and gives the annual demand by each of 

 them. Their relative importance is hard to indicate, because quan- 

 tity alone is not in all cases a criterion of value of an industry to 

 the community in which it is situated, nor to the country as a whole. 



Qnantity tised 

 in One Year 

 Industry (Ft. B.M.) 



Planing mill products 13,428.862,066 



Boxes and crates 4,547,973,180 



Car construction 1,262,090,371 



Furniture 944,677,807 



Vehicles and vehicle parts 739,124,483 



Woodenware and novelties and dairy, poultry and apiary 



supplies •...•■ •. 405,286,436 



Agricultural implements ; . . . 321 239 336 



Chairs and chair stock ...'. 289:790;560 



Handles 280 234 571 



Musical instruments 260,195 026 



Tanks and silos 2''5 617 686 



.Ship and boat building ....; 199:598:228 



Fixtures i87 132 848 



Caskets and coffins '.'.'.'.'. 153'394'557 



Refrigerators and kitchen cabinets 137'616'266 



Excelsior ioo'247'flon 



Matches and toothpicks 85442111 



Laundry appliances 79:502:040 



Shade and map rollers 79,291 575 



Paving material and conduits 76067' 000 



Trunks and valises 74'669'997 



Machine construction 69:459:430 



Boot and shoe findings 66 240 200 



Frames and moulding, picture 05 477'783 



Shuttles, spools and bobbins 65 148*190 



Tobacco boxes 63:i54'226 



Sewing machines 59 946 527 



Pumps and wood pipes 55:826:938 



Pulleys and conveyors 35,862,900 



Professional and scientific instruments 35,070 928 



Toys ••...■••■. 28,926 552 



Gates and fencing 27,450 540 



Sporting and athletic goods 25'l9l'907 



Patterns and flasks 24,299'403 



Bungs and faucets 21 1 12 342 



Plumbers' woodwork 20 313'450 



Electrical machinery and apparatus 18.188,910 



Mine equipment 16,987,697 



Brushes 12,878,986 



Dowels 11,980,500 



Elevators 10,018,680 



Saddles and harness 9,218,680 



Playground equipment 9,064 812 



Butchers' blocks and skewers 8,197.050 



Clocks 7,894,249 



Signs and supplies 6,888,366 



Printing material 5,324,794 



Weighing apparatus 5,021,550 



Whips, canes and umbrella sticks 4,946,880 



Brooms 2,297,334 



Firearms 2 093 901 



Artificial limbs 687:080 



Tobacco pipes 489,515 



Aeroplanes 74 300 



Dry kilns 59,000 



Total .24,673.846,064 



Total lumber cut 44,509,761,000 



More than one-half of the total represented in the foregoing table 

 consists of planing mill products, the largest items of which are 

 flooring, siding, eeiUng, and finishing. The next industry, in point of 

 quantity used, is the manufacture of boxes and crates. Nearly four 

 times as much wood is demanded by makers of boxes and crates as 

 by the builders of steam and electric cars, which come next, and 

 almost five-fold the amount that goes into furniture, which, in turn, 

 leads vehicle manufacture. Vehicles demand surprisingly large sup- 

 plies of wood, and much of it must be of a high class in order to meet 

 requirements for frames, gears, and bodies. 



The table shows the apportionment of wood among the various in- 

 dustries, grading from planing mill products, which take most, down 

 to aeroplanes and dry kilns, at the bottom of the list. . 



Conclusiveness of Written Contract 



In a suit involving a written contract testimony cannot be intro- 

 duced to show an understanding between the parties which is contra- 

 dictory of the plain terms of the contract, but, if the agreement is 

 ambiguous, testimony is admissible to explain the true contract. 

 (Indiana Supreme Court, Alexander vs. Capitol Lumber Company, 105 

 Northeastern Eeporter 45.) 



Time for Removal of Standing Timber 



A deed conveying to a purchaser, ' ' his heirs, personal representa- 

 tives and assigns all timber and trees (inclusive of both standing trees 

 and fallen trees) upon" certain described land, "and the right of 

 entering upon said land and removing said timber and trees from the 

 same at the pleasure of said grantee, his heirs, personal representa- 

 tives, and assigns, and of doing all things necessary to log or remove 

 said timber without unreasonable damage to said land. To have and 

 to hold the said granted property and privileges to the said G. H. 

 Moore, his heirs, personal representatives, and assigns, forever," gave 

 a perpetual right to remove the timber. (Washington Supreme Court, 

 France vs. Deep Eiver Logging Company, 140 Pacific Reporter 361.) 



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