HARDWOOD KECOKD 



.ike %-cnocr wbca it ia frcah and Kroco nnd kIuo it up under 



I .. inj licat, where it ««'t« in a very »Jiort time, nnd dry it out 



arterwaril or arcoinpliiili |>art of tlio drjiUR in the prwHiw of Rluintf. 

 It M>i<ni!i that the gXun mixture enters into the wood, roplnrin); the gap 



' • ' •!.■ muinture at least, and l>econiea iu effeet a water- 



. a» well aH a ocinent to hold the wood togoOier. 

 in rouueclion with our knowledge of this, two im- 

 ,^; . One of thc«e is the composition of the glue it-iclf. 

 1 huuiIht of secret formulas in use in this country which 

 .' Rus»iiin mi'thoil, nnd ilaim watcrproofiu); >|Ualitie8, but wc 

 . ,.. .mk;; in definite knowledae as to the compof'ition and nature 

 : the nint(*rial. 

 The other thin); on which wc lack information is, what is done 

 ;ii>out shrinknt;e when green veneer is crossed mid (jlued upf Sam- 

 ples of panels claimed to have been put up by the Russian process 

 have been examined by the writer. These seem to hold togothcr all 

 right and tliey closely resemble samples of waterproof secret process 

 glue work that has been done in this country. In each case, however, 

 while the glue held and the product seemed to resist moisture, there 

 was checking of the face, likely due to shrinkage, and from all this 

 the tentative deduction is made that it, like the silicate of soda prop- 

 o»'ition, may be adaptable to certain work .and for the purpose of 



making up box ]>anoU and common |>ancls of various Unda, but not 

 exactly the thing for-flno veneering. 



Hero is a point where U»> vcgi-table glue differs materially from 

 some of tlio otliers. The vegetable gliie is entering into acttuil com- 

 petition with standard glue tor lino veneering and cabinet work gen- 

 erally. In other words, it seems ailnptnble to all manner of ui«l, 

 '-'herens sonie of the others are adaptable to certain uses only. 



From the foregoing it will lie feen that the glue side of the veneer- 

 ing business has been receiving a fair sliaro of attention. The rela- 

 tive merits nnd tho pro8i>ective uses of the various offerings will 

 adjust and take care of theniHelvcs in tho course of events. They 

 deserve continueil attention, too, for glue is not only a big item in 

 the uso of vcneoring, but is an essential factor to the life of the in- 

 dustry itself. 



Glue plays an important part in joinery of all kinds, nnd in the 

 cabinet work of today there is much more of the joinery held together 

 by glue than is held by nails, screws, pins or other mi-chanic^ 

 devices. We might deviec other ways for holding frame work 

 together in cabinet making, but when it comes to veneering the real 

 life of the industry depends on glue. Therefore, the glue side of 

 veneering is a vital one and it is deserving of close nnd continued 

 study. C. B. O. 



Vo?^!;iA.:o:N!.v<.V/.v.uiAy:v-^v'>K!/;-)U;/«c;;;iax:»c<<y.<>:^>^):^^^^ 



Aspen or Poplar for Paper 



A bulletin has bc-n issued by the Fonst Service on the mauu 

 facturo of soda pulp from aspen, which in the northern states is 

 usually known as poplar or popple. The laboratory at Madison, 

 Wis., carried out a series of experiments, in charge of Henry E. 

 Surface, an engineer in wood utilization. The bulletin is strictly 

 technical in character, and will not appeal directly to the general 

 -.■:ider, but it possesses great value for the i)aper makers who use 

 ■':,:• soda proeess in producing pulp. 



The owners of aspen timber along the northern tier of states from 

 the Atlantic to the Pacific should take an intcrcft in the investiga- 

 tions which the Forest Service is prosecuting in the field, for tney 

 promise to pen additional markets for timber of that kind. 



The paper makers need large quantities of wood, and the stands 

 ■ I' aspen can meet enormous demands. The pulp manufacturer can 

 ..-c trees too small for most other purposes, and a market can thus 

 lie found for large areas of aspen which otherwise would be useless. 

 Poles from four inches to a foot or more in diameter exactly suit 

 the requirements of the pulp maker, and these are the usual sizes of 

 aspen, which is not a long-lived tree. It is not practicable to leave 

 •he thickets standing until the trees are large enough for sawlogs, 

 because most of them will die before they attain that size and will 

 become a total loss. But if the pulp makers can use them, they can 

 be sold at a profit. 



One of the hardest problems which the forester iu this country 

 has had to face has been the profitable utilization of aspen, because, 

 as already stated, it dies before it is large enough for lumber. It 

 grows rapidly. In fifty years from the seed it is mature for the 

 pulp wood cutter. It spreads quickly and far, taking prompt 

 possession of burnt tracks, and rapidly converting them into forests. 

 Remarkable stands of this wood are covering burnt regions among 

 the Rocky mountains. 



Some aspen is made into pulp by other than the soda process, 

 but most of it is worked by cooking it with soda, by which the fibers 

 are softened sufficiently to be pressed into paper between the heavy 

 rolls in paper mills. The bulletin by Mr. Surface relates chiefly to 

 results obtained by cooking the wood in different ways. The boiling 

 is done in large tanks, the smallest of which will hold a cord of 

 wood, and the largest much more. The time varies from one hour 

 to eleven; the steam pressure inside the tanks ranges from 120 

 pounds per square inch down to eighty, and the quantity of soda 

 was varied in the experiments to ascertain the factors which give the 

 best results. 



Although much cxpcrimcntul work has been done :i.loiig that line 

 by private investigators, the work at the Madison laboratory is said 

 to be the most thorough ever carried out anywhere, and there is no 

 question that it will greatly assist in utilizing the nsjjcn resources of 

 the country by converting the surplus into paper. 



Mistakes in Transmitting Telegrams 



When an order for goods is transmittal by telegraph, but, through 

 negligence of the telegraph conipauv, is so Altered as to call for a 

 different kind of goods, the buyer, in discovering the mistake on 

 arrival of the goods, may not only refuse to receive the shipment, 

 but may, also, recover damages against the company for the loss 

 sustained by him as a direct and natural consequence of the mistake. 

 The addressee is, also, entitled to recover for any loss sustained by 

 him, as where the buyer refuses to receive the goods. And a claim 

 for the total damages sustained by both may be merged in one of 

 them by taking an assignment of the other's right of action. But 

 any person aggrieved by negligence of a telegraph company must 

 take all reasonable steps to minimize the damages sustained by him. 

 (Alabama Supreme Court, Jackson Lumber Company vs. Western 

 Union Telegraph Co., 65 Southern Reporter 962.) 



Another Good Indication 



The Little Rock (Ark.) Board of Trade last week received .i request 

 from London, asking for a list of Arkansas manufacturers of wooden- 

 ware, including the novelties formerly bought by England from Ger- 

 many. This is one of several recent indications that the predicted ad- 

 vantages to American institutions because of, the Kurope-on wars are 

 to come. Being desirous of helping to further such trade interests, 

 George R. Brown, secretary of the Board of Trade, has requested all 

 Arkansas manufacturers to file with the Board of Trade lists of the 

 articles manufactured by them. The list forwarded to Little Bock 

 includes lumber, handles, staves, heading, furniture, implements and 

 all other articles manufactured from wood. 



A similar request has recently been received in Little Rock from 

 Amsterdam, Holland, asking for lists of articles heretofore sold by the 

 institutions of this country to Germany, it being the desire of the 

 business men in Holland to secure as much of the trade which for- 

 merly went to Germany as possible. 



There may be such a thing as ideal grading rules, but there is 

 such thing as getting everybody to accept them as such. 



