Afay 16, 1914 



HOETICULTUKE 



787 



NEMATODES AND PAEONIES. 



I am probably the peeony grower 

 who C. S. Harrison has reference to 

 about being very needlessly exercised 

 over my pseony stock. Fourteen years 

 ago I started in the business with 

 clean hands, seventeen acres of virgin 

 soil and an ideal to furnish the best 

 the world afforded. Naturally I took 

 advice about the growing from men 

 old in the business, and, when I saw 

 nodules on the roots, I consulted them. 

 The oldest grower of all made light of 

 them and said he had seen thera on 

 paeony roots for 25 years. This lulled 

 me into a quiet about them. When I 

 consulted another old grower about 

 using my ground over again for re- 

 planting, he replied that he had used 

 the same ground over and over again 

 for 20 years, saying he had to — or he 

 would not have a bloom left for his 

 own use. Now I bought stock from 

 both of these gentlemen, in one case, 

 very much more than the other, so 

 that some years it ran into the 100 

 plants of a variety. I also sold to both 

 in a small way. But last fall the one 

 from whom I had bought the most, 

 threw me down hard. He returned an 

 order of $250. The reason was 

 nodules on the fibrous roots. He 

 charged me with a "very serious 

 thing" in sending out such stuff. 



This made me think I had better 

 find out for myself, and in order to go 

 ai it I had to change these old grow- 

 ers ai my advisers and look about for 

 new ones. I applied to the government 

 at Washinglon as to what de|>artnient 

 oi the plant industry I should submit 

 roots of pEeonies that were infested, 

 for their inspection. Upon receiving a 

 reply I forwarded some roots, the 

 original stock of which came from 

 Lemoine of France, and also another 

 variety of which the original stock had 

 come from one of these former ad- 

 visers. The letter below was the re- 

 ply- 



UNITICn ST.\TES DEr.^KTMENT OF 



AGRICDLTDRE. 



P.m-eau of ri.ant Industry. 



Pnfhologic.'il Collections and Inspection 



Work. 



Myoological Exchange. 



WashingtDn. D. C, April llili. V.ni. 



Mr. E. J. Shaylor, Auburndale. Mass. 



Dear Sir: The paeony rnots referred to 

 in your letter of April 7th iiave been re- 

 -ceived and carefully examined. 



The enlargements cm the llhrous roots 

 are caused by nematodes (Eelworms) but 

 no evidence of nematode infection can be 

 found in the large root. The latter had 

 somewhat the appearance of having suffered 

 from insect attacks, but no insects were 

 present and the material had to be so 

 mutilated by the examinations in this office 

 that sufHcient did not remain to be trans- 

 mitted to the Bureau of Entomology. 



You no doubt know that plants infested 

 hy eelworms skould be destroyed and also 

 that the soil in which the plants have been 

 grown Is unfit for use for the same kind 

 of plants or otliers susceptible to nema- 

 tode attacks until it has been sterilized. 

 The most efficient agent to bo used for 

 tills purpose in case of greenhouse soil is 

 steam, although certain chemical treat- 

 n\ents are sometimes recommended. We 

 are sending you Circular No. 01 of this 

 Bureau, which you may find of interest as 

 hearing upon your problem. 



It will be well for you to send some •f 

 the large root material to the chief of the 

 Bureau of Entomology. If you were not 

 a commercial grower, I should also sug- 

 gest that you write to the Horticulturist 

 of this Department in regard to the 

 methods of cultivation followed with the 

 plants that have not blossomed for ten 



''^"^■(MrB.) FLORA W. PATTERSON, 



Mycologist In Charge. 



Pursuant to the advice in the above 



letter I sent some plants to the Bureau 



YOUNG ROSE STOCK 



KILLARNEY, WHITE KILLARNEY, WARD, KILLARNEY QUEEN, RICHMOND, 

 RUSSELL, Mrs. TAFT and Kaiserin 



GRAFTED STOCK, $16.00 per 100; $120.00 per 1000. 

 OWN-ROOT STOCK, $4.(«0 per 100; $35.00 per 1000. 



AMERICAN BEAUTY, $8.00 per 100 ; $70.00 per 1000 



W. H. ELLIOTT, Brighton, Mass. 



CATTLEYAS 



Frosh IntftoftatioHS 



MENDELII— Original Type, Special 



Lot. 

 SCHROEDERAE— Extras. 

 POPAYAN TYPE TRIANAT, Old 



Coast Variety, by case or dozen. 

 Write. 



FREEMAN ORCHID CO. 



FALL RIVER, MASS. 



ORCHIDS FRESHLY IMPORTED 



We li.ive un,^-i('ked the folhnving in fiiu* 

 condition. CATTLEYAS : PeroivalUana. 

 (_iaskel liana. (uperiosisHinia. DENDRO- 



liK.MS; I''oriiio8iiin. Wardianum, nobile, 

 (lensifliii-41111, S4'liuitzii. VANDAS: Coer- 

 ulea. Ha t email nii, Luzonira, linschootiana. 

 THALAENOPSlS: aniabilis, Scliilleriana. 

 SpatIii»clottis plicata. 



iVrite for Special" List No. 55. 

 LAGEK & HI RRELL, Summit. N. J. 



ORCHIDS 



Largett Importart, Exportere, Crowen 

 and HybriJistt in the WoiU 



5ANDER. 5t. Alban 5, Englanc 



and 358 Broadway, Room 721 

 NEW TORK CITY 



OFROMIDS 



Established Plants and 

 Freshly Imported 



Julius Roehrs Co. 



Rutherford, N. J. 



of Entoniolosy and asked particularly 

 as to whether the disease that caused 

 the nodules was the same as that 

 which affected the large roots. 



The reply to this last request is be- 

 low: 



"United Stares Department of Agriculture, 

 Bureau of Entonioloj^ry, 



Washington, D. C, April 30, 1914. 

 Truck Crop and Stored Product Insect 

 Investigations. 



Dear Sir : An.swerlng your recent letter 

 transmitting a root of paeony I regret to 

 inform you tbat your Idea in regard to 

 the large abnormal growth on the roots 

 of the plants is correct. Both the smaller 

 nodule and the large growth are caused 

 by the attack of one of the nematodes. In 

 connection with the control it is necessary 

 to rotate crops In order to insure the 

 destruction of the nematodes in ground 

 already infested, as no application has as 

 yet been discovered by this Department 

 which is capable of ridding the ground 

 after once becoming badly infected by 

 nematodes. It is better lii this connection 

 not to risk planting Infected roots in any 

 new plat of ground used for this purpose, 

 as it will only be again infected and the 

 plants will not thrive. The roots should 

 be thoroughly assorted and all roots at- 

 tacked by nematodes eliminated before 

 planting. Xours truly. 



F. H. CHITTENDEN, 

 In charge Truck Crop and Stored 

 Product Insect Investigations. 

 Mr. K. J. Shaylor. 



Wellesley Farms, Mass. 



Let me say here that I forwarded to 

 the Bureau of Entomology a large root 



of stock, the original of which had 

 come from Lemoine, same as in the 

 first samples sent, and besides some 

 fibrous roots with nodules, of which 

 original stock had come from the other 

 old grower spoken of above, and the 

 one who threw me down so hard. Let 

 me also say that I have never set the 

 same ground over again. Now, Mr. 

 Harrison, these are some of the new 

 advisers I have thought best to go to, 

 rather than to continue with the ad- 

 vice of the old growers. I am still 

 seeking advice. 



E. J. SHAYLOR. 



NEWS NOTES. 



Portland, Ore.— A. Zittewltz has 

 taken a five-year lease on the green- 

 houses of W. T. Woods at Lents. 



Newport, R. I. — William Allan, who 

 recently resigned his position as 

 gardener for Dr. Jacobs, is now In- 

 stalled as gardener for Mrs. George D. 

 Widener. The Widener place former- 

 ly belonged to the late Dr. C. M. Bell, 

 and is being remodeled in a very ex- 

 pensive way. Besides a new house 

 and garage, the groimds are being 

 changed very much, and when fin- 

 ished it should be one of the show 

 places of Newport. 



