73 



losses. McCray (1917) has given a description of the 

 organism. 



McCray, A. H. 1917 Spore -forming "bacteria of the apiary. 

 U. S. Dept. Agr. Jour, of Agr. Research, 8, No. 11, 



p. 399- 

 White, G. F. 1912 The cause of European FouTbrood, U. S. 

 Dept. Agr. Bur. Entomol. , Cir. 157 . 



Bacillus paralvei Burns ide 



Insect concerned: The honey "bee, Apis me 11 if era . 



Burnside (1932) and Burnside and Foster (1935) found 

 this organism in diseased colonies of "bees in Southeastern 

 United States. According to the 5"th edition of Bergey's 

 Manual (which see for a complete description of the organ- 

 ism), the disease resembles European fouTbrood, "but some 

 of the dead larvae and pupae resemble those of American 

 foulhrood. Some of the insects remain dark "brown with 

 ropiness. Many infected colonies have "been known to 

 recover. Bacillus paralvei resembles the organisms that 

 cause European fouTbrood. 



Burnside, C. E. 1932 Amer. Bee J., 62, ^33- 



Burnside, C. E. , and Foster, R. E. 1935 Studies on the 



"bacteria associated with para fouTbrood. J. Econ. 



Erttomol., 28, 578-58^. 



BAC 1 LLUS PARATYPHUS ALVE I Bahr 

 (See Salmonella schflttmulleri var. alvei Hauduroy et al. ) 



Insect concerned: The honey "bee, Apis mellifera . 



In the vicinity of Copenhagen an acute enteritis of 

 "bees was found to "be due to Bacillus paratyphi alvei 

 (Bahr, 1919). The "bees usually died in 25 hours to a few 

 days. The organism, however, is not identical with the 

 forms of Salmonella paratyphi found in man and domestic 

 animals. The 5th edition of Bergey's Manual (page k6l) 

 lists the organism as Salmonella scho'ttmulleri var. alvei 

 Hauduroy et al . 



*Bahr, L. 1919 Para typhus nos Honninghien. Skandinavisk 



Veterinar--Tidskrift, £, 25-^0 and h^-Go. 

 Hauduroy et al. , Diet. d. Bact. Path., 1937, ^9- 



