120 



Leach, J. G-. 19^+0 Insect transmission of plant diseases. 



6l5 pp. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York. 

 Waite, M. B. I89I Results from recent investigations in 



pear Might. Bot. Gas., l6, 259- 



Erw i n I A c ACT I C I DA (Johnson and Hitchcock) 

 Hauduroy et al. 



Insects concerned: Molitara prodenialis ; Olyca juncto - 

 liniella ; Mimorista flavidissimalis ; Moneilema spp. ; and 

 several members of the Drosophilidae. 



Johnston and Hitchcock (I923) described and named a 

 "bacterium ( Bacillus cacticidus ) which causes a disease 

 of prickly pear ( Opuntia spp.). This bacterial strain 

 has since "been called Erwinia cacticida , although Bergey's 

 Manual (1939, 5th ed. . page ^+12) states that this organism 

 is regarded as "being the' same as Erwinia aroideae (Town- 

 send) Holland. 



According to Leach (19^+0) it has "been shown that the 

 larvae of the above -named insects may transmit the disease. 

 Not only do the insects transmit the disease from plant 

 to plant "but from one segment to another of the same plant 

 as well. 



-•Johnston, T. H. , and Hitchcock, L. 1923 A bacteriosis 

 of prickly pear plants ( Opuntia spp.). Trans, and Proc. 

 Roy. Soc. South Australia, kj_, 1 62-1 6^. 



Leach, J. G. 19^+0 Insect transmission of plant diseases. 

 615 pp. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York. 



Erwinia carotovora (Jones) Holland 



Insects concerned: Hylemyia cili crura ; Hylemyia tricho- 

 dactyla ; Hylemyia brassicae ; Elachiptera costata; Scapto - 

 myza graminum , Phorbia fusiceps . 



Erwinia carotovora causes a soft rot in carrot, celery, 

 eggplant, cabbage, cucumber, iris, muskmelon, hyacinth, 

 turnip, tomato, potato, onion, radish, parsnip, pepper, and 

 other plants. The three principle types of disease caused 

 "by this "bacterium are potato Mackleg, soft rot of cruci- 

 fers, and heart rot of celery. Jones first isolated the 

 causative organism in 1901 and named it Bacillus carotovorus , 



The work of Leach (1925, 1926, 1927, 1930), Bonde (1930a, 

 1930"b, 1939), and Johnson (1930) have shed a great deal of 



