114-0 



Burnside, C. E. 193^- Studies on the bacteria associated 

 with European foulbrood. J. Econ. Entomol. , 27, 656- 



Hucker, G. J. 1932 Studies on the Coccaceae. XVII. 

 Agglutination as a means of differentiating the species 

 of Streptococcus and Leuconastoc . N. Y. State Agric. 

 Expt. Station, Tech. Bull. Wo. 190, page 17. 



*Maassen, A. 1908 Zur Stiologie der sogenannten Faul"brut 

 der Honigbienen. Arbeiten K. Biol. Anst. Land u. For- 

 stev. , 6, 53-70. 



Maassen, A. 1913 Weitere Mitteilungen iiber die seuchen- 

 haften Brutkrank heiten der Bienen ins"besondere iiber 

 die Faulbrut. Mitt, aus der Kaiserl. Biolog. Anstalt 

 fur Land--u. Forstev. 8th Ann. Rept. Pt. 1*4-, pp. U8-58. 



Streptococcus bomby c I s Sirtirana and Paccanaro 

 (See also Streptococcus pastorianus . ) 



Insect concerned: The silkworm, Bombyx mori . 



Silkworms are susceptible to infection "by several 

 pathogenic "bacteria. One of the worst of these plagues 

 of sericulture is caused by Streptococcus bombycis (Sar- 

 tirana and Paccanaro, 1906) , an^ is frequently known as 

 "flacherie of the silkworm. " This gram^positive coccus 

 forms chains from 5 "to 12 microns long, and is a faculta- 

 tive anaerobe. 



According to Wardle (1929), Paillot states that the 

 term "flacherie" represents a group of three distinct 

 maladies, one of which appears to he associated with 

 Streptococcus "bombycis . These are: 



(1) A disorder associated with an abnormal abund- 

 ance, in the intestine of the silkworm, of a sporu- 

 lating bacillus morphologically identical with that 

 described by Pasteur (see Bacillus bombycis . ) 



(2) An acute form of "flacherie" or "flacherie 

 typique" associated apparently 'with a filterable 

 virus. 



(3) A chronic type of "flacherie," the "gattine" 

 of French workers, and "macilenze" of Italian work- 

 ers, probably associated with Streptococcus bombycis . 



In the last-mentioned disease, there is generally a 

 swelling of the anterior body wall, which becomes more 

 or less translucent. An organism, apparently Strepto - 

 coccus bombycis , was isolated from the intestinal contents, 

 (See Paillot, 1926. ) 



