nonmotile and nonflagellated but in only one species, Erwinia 

 phytophthora (in addition to E. tracheiphila) were no motile 

 strains found. 



Flagellar Characteristics 



All of the motile strains studied showed peritrichous flagella- 

 tion. From the standpoint of flagellation the genus is very hetero- 

 geneous. Some species have flagella resembling those of the 

 coliform group, others resemble Proteus. The most common flagel- 

 lar shape was the normal with several species showing only this 

 shape. The curly shape was fairly common. One strain of Er- 

 winia solanisapra, ES-101, was completely curly, while another 

 strain of the same species, ES-3, was completely normal. It is 

 interesting to note that the donor of the culture described E. 

 solanisapra, ES-101, as being nonmotile. Careful observation of 

 this culture in moist preparation did show some motility but only 

 a nonprogressive wiggling and turning motion. Erwinia aroideae, 

 EA-8, was mainly curly. Two species, Erwinia atroseptica, EA- 

 112, and Erwinia nimipressuralis, EN-1, showed only normal 

 flagella in alkaline suspension and mainly curly flagella in slightly 

 acid suspension. The coiled shape was found to a variable extent 

 in several species. One strain of Erwinia amijlovora showed a 

 great deal of coiling. Three strains of Erwinia chnjsanfhemi had 

 mainly coiled flagella with some curly and normal flagella mixed 

 in. Mixed curly and normal, curly and coiled, normal and coiled 

 were found in several strains. ( See Fig. 44. ) 



Table IX gives a summary of the morphological characteristics 

 of the strains studied. The organisms are grouped according to 

 the pathology they produce: dry necrosis, soft rot, and non-pecto- 

 lytic. 



104 



