62 on the fossil flora of the coal deposits of australia, 



Conifers. 



Brachyphyllum australe. Feistm. 



B. mamillare var. crassum. nobis. 



Sequoiites ? australis, nobis 

 Walchia milneana. nobis 

 Cunninghamites australis. nobis. 

 Araucarites polycarpa. nobis. 



It will be seen from the foregoing list that some European and 

 Indian forms have been added to the Australian coal flora. This 

 is especially observable in the Jurassic beds. Brachyphyllum 

 mamillare var. crassum and Podozamites lanceolatus, Europe. An- 

 giopteridium ensis and Merianopteris major of India, are instances, 

 and no doubt others will be found. The occurrence of the genus 

 Ptilophyllum in Australia is very remarkable. It will be seen 

 that our continent is particularly rich in species of Thinnfeldia 

 and Ferns of a similar type in the Jurassic rocks, while we are 

 equally rich in species of Glossopteris in the earlier periods. 

 Altogether the fossil botany of Australia reveals a former con- 

 nection of its flora with Europe through India, when the vegetation 

 of the earth was much more uniform than it is now. 



Explanation of Terms used in the Diagnosis of Fossils. 



Rhizome. — The fleshy, scaly, prostrate stem, producing roots from 

 the under side, and fronds from the upper, beginning with the 



Stipes or main stem, which generally branches into sub- divisions, 

 each of which is called a Rachis. The frond may be one entire 

 leaf, when it is called simple, or once sub-divided (pinnate), twice, 

 thrice, or more often (bi-pinnate, pinnatifid, multifid, &c). 



In compound fronds the primary divisions are called the pinnoe, 

 and if more than once divided the ultimate divisions are termed 



Costa. — The midrib of simple fronds or pinnse or pinnules. 

 Veins. — The secondary nerves which emerge from the costa. 

 Venides. — First sub-divisions of the veins. 

 Veinlets. — Secondary sub-divisions. 



