BY THE REV. J. E. TENISON-WOODS, F.G.S., F.L.S. 81 



lying alongside them looking very much like " knots" in the stems. 

 There is one structure very apparent in all the stems, and that 

 is the transverse stria?. These are close and minute so that it 

 requires a hand lens to observe them. Sometimes they have the 

 appearance of overlapping scales. 



Found in grey clay below the coal in the Tivoli mine, amidst a 

 number of carbonaceous fibres and rootlets, which go by the name 

 Filicites. 



Vetebraria toivarrensis. Plate 1, figs. 1, 2, 4, n. s. I designate 

 by this name certain plant impressions of roots which are very 

 common in a formation full of vegetable remains at Rosewood 

 about 24 miles west from Rockharupton, Queensland. The beds 

 are in sight of the Towarra ranges and form part of the country of 

 the Towarra tribe, and hence the name. They are broad stems 

 with deep or regular longitudinal grooves, but with slight trans- 

 verse divisions which are irregular, at long distances apart, or 

 absent. The fine transverse striae are not seen as on the other 

 species. In some of the specimens the parallel lines are regular, 

 in others they curve, twist and fold over one another. The 

 impressions are broad like those of Tivoli, evidently derived from 

 a mass of roots. The transverse divisions are no more than like 

 cracks on the roots, and they are also thick and well-defined. 



These remains unlike the Indian Vertebraria are intimately 

 associated with numerous impressions of Ptilophyllum oligoneurum 

 nobis, and various other plants to be hereafter described. There 

 are several other fossil roots. 



There are many other places in Queensland where I have noticed 

 root impressions but have not been able to submit them to detailed 

 examination. These localities are : — Burrum River, Upper 

 Burnett River, coal beds beyond Blackwater, 128 miles west of 

 Rockampton, coal beds west of Cooktown. I do not suggest any 

 name for such impressions, but I suppose the term Vertebraria 

 should be restricted to those forms in which the transverse 

 divisions give rise to a series of joints such as to suggest the idea 

 of a vertebral column. 



F 



