158 ON THE FOSSIL FLORA OF THE COAL DEPOSITS OF AUSTRALIA, 



scales of their cones one-seeded. In Araucaria proper, leaves are 

 scale-formed, persistent, and widest at the base. The flowers are 

 male and female on separate plants ; the cones are mostly large 

 globular, terminal, with scales partially or entirely deciduous, and 

 the seeds more less attached to them. Colymbea, a true Araucaria, 

 with broad lanceolate leaves, and seed leaves germinating under 

 ground. Eutacta (false Araucaria), with awl-shaped leaves and 

 seed leaves germinating above ground. Dammar a, with broad, 

 flat, stalked leaves, opposite, alternate and leathery, cones axillary, 

 scales persistent, seeds attached. See Schimper, Paleontologie 

 Yegetale, vol. 2, p. 227, whose views I have summarized in the 

 above remarks. 



SUB-ORDER TaXODIACE^E. 



Leaves and scales of the strobilus or cone disposed spirally, 

 rarely decussate. Leaves of very varied forms according to the 

 genera either squamose, acicular or linear, falcate or narrow, 

 spreading on every side or distinctly flattened. Bracts of the 

 scales adnate more or less produced. Scales often ligneous, some- 

 what thick, not numerous. Ovules 2 to 9, inverse or erect. 



In this sub-order is included one living Australian Conifer, 

 Arthrotaxis which is indigenous to Tasmania, but according to 

 this arrangement our common pine Frenela or Callitris, would be 

 found amongst the Cupressace^e. Among the Taxodiace^e is 

 included Brachyphyllum which is however doubtfully so placed as 

 its true position and relations are matters of dispute. 



Brachyphyllum . Brongniart. 



Shrubs or trees. Branches irregularly pinnately ramulose. 

 Leaves extremely short, arranged spirally, densely close, bases 

 dilate, contiguous, probably fleshy when alive, pyramidal, curved 

 above, or from the mutual pressure of the bases pentagonal and 

 hexagonal, produced into short or very short papillae, long per- 

 sistent, and with age as the branches thickens, dilating and 

 becoming scutelliform, subsequently when falling away leaving 

 raised contiguous rhomboid scars marked in the middle with 

 vascular cicatrices. 



