BY CHARLES W. DE VIS, B.A. 317 



Transversals plantar consist of — 



1st. A flat belly from the upper edge of the inner side of the 

 fifth metatarsal under the accessory flexor No. 2. It crosses the 

 sole and is inserted into the outer (fibular) side of the base of the 

 first phalanx of the hallux. 



2nd. Rises by tendon, distad of the preceding, and dividing 

 into two flat bellies, is inserted into the second and third toe. 



There is no branch of this superficial layer to the fourth toe. 



Interossei. — These are in three sets, connecting the toes from the 

 hallux to the fourth. 



Muscles of the trunk and tail. 



Longissimus dor si. — Chiefly a continuation of the upper lateral 

 columns of the caudal system. It has also a strong tendinous 

 origin from the posterior process of the ilium. It is inserted into 

 the dorsal spines with frequent alternations of origin and insertion : 

 laterally it is indistinguishably blended with the sacro lumbalis. 



Sacro lumbalis. — Rises from the anterior part of the crest of the 

 ilium, and is inserted by tendinous interdigitations into the ribs 

 till it merges into the cervicalis ascendens. 



Rectus abdominis. — From the posterior end of the ischiatic 

 symphysis Occupying as usual the middle tract of the abdomen, 

 on its lateral edge it blends with the external oblique. It is 

 inserted into the last two ribs, posterior to but distinct from the 

 pectoralis major. 



External oblique. — Separable into three more or less stratified 

 divisions. 



1st. From the third rib ventrad of the origin of the first portion 

 of the serratus, and from the two following ribs; inserted into the 

 rectus, 



2nd. From the first three floating ribs, this layer terminates 

 anteriorly in aponeurosis and blends posteriorly with No. 1. 



3rd. From the last rib and lumbar fascia ; it has a strong 

 insertion into the pubic spine, and by virtue of its lumbar connec- 

 tion into the anterior process of the ilium. 



