240 INDEX 



Touch sense of {cont.) 



pits in sharks and rays, 215; 

 detection of infra-red radiation 

 by pit vipers, 215-16; reaction 

 of fishes to electric currents, 

 216-17 



Toxotes (Archer fish), 153 



Tree-frogs, sight of, 24, 38-9 



Trout, 26 



Tubular cameras. See Ommatidia 



Turtles, 46; good sight of, 24; 

 their nictitating membrane, 25 ; 

 response to moving prey in 

 water, 48; sense of smell, 100 



Unicellular animals, 15 



Viviparous lizard. See Common 

 lizard 



Voles: eyesight, 28; as prey of 

 Short-eared Owl, 61 ; as prey 

 of adders, loo-i 



Vorticella, their sensitivity to 

 vibrations, 71, 117 



Vultures: sight of, 59-60; de- 

 ficient in sense of smell, 92 



Wall lizards, 49, 51, 53 



Walrus, 210 



Wasps, 71, 226 



Water-fleas, their perception of 

 light, 21, 22 



Water Vole, hearing of, 74 



Web-spiders. See Spiders 



Wenham tube, 30 



Whales, 209-10; good sight above 

 and below water, 29 ; optical 

 mechanism, 153-4; use of sonar, 

 183, 189-90; Beluga Whale's 

 use of sonar, 187; reaction to 

 Asdic, 187-8; structure of ear, 

 1 90- 1 ; sense of smell, 198 



Whelks, 207 



Whiskers, tactile nerves at ends of, 

 20, 1 15, 209-10 



Woles, their sense of taste, 1 1 1 



Wood Mouse, hearing of, 75 



Woodcock, its sense of touch, 92, 

 1 14 



Woodpeckers, their sense of touch, 



ii5> 119 

 Worms. See Earthworms 

 Wrens, 73 



