Chapter I —7— Taxonomy 



inflammation and which was, therefore, called nocardiosis, as distinct 

 from actinomycosis. Pinoy (339) included the aerobic forms of actino- 

 mycetes under this generic name, a fact recognized in this treatise. 



8. Actinocladothrix Afanassiev (1889).— This name was used to 

 designate the causative agent of actinomycosis in man. Since it had no 

 advantage over the name given by Harz, it has been but litde used. 



9. Microuiyces Gruber, M. (1891).— The generic name Micro- 

 niyces was applied to an organism (M. hoffmanni') which apparently 

 belonged to the actinomycetes and which was isolated from the human 

 body. This generic designation was not accepted by other investigators, 

 since it represented no advantage over previous names, nor did it stand 

 for a clearlv recognized tvpe (159). 



10. Actinohacterhnn Haas, E. (1906).— To designate organisms that 

 are intermediary between the true actinomycetes and the corynebacteria, 

 the name Actinohacteriwn was suggested. It has not been generally 

 accepted, although existence of these intermediate forms is not denied. 



11. ActinohaciJhis Lingieres and Spitz (1904) and Actinohacillus 

 Brumpt (1910) were names applied to nocardia-like organisms, the true 

 nature of which was not sufficiently recognized. The generic name was 

 also used bv Beijerinck, in 1914, for an organism which he had origi- 

 nally described in 1903 as Bacillus oligocarhophihis and for another 

 called Actinomyces QStreftothrix) fmilotro finis. 



12. Cohnistreptothrix Pinoy, E. (1911).— In order to diflFerentiate 

 anaerobic actinomycetes from the aerobic forms, Pinoy used this name 

 to designate the former. Castellani and Chalmers (66) as well as 

 Langeron (250) accepted this designation; Orskov (328), however, ap- 

 plied the name to a group of aerobic actinomycetes. 



13. Anaeromyces Castellani, A., Douglas, M. and Thompson, T. 

 (1921).— This name was suggested to designate a group of organisms 

 that are intermediary between the genera Mycohacterium and Actino- 

 myces. 



14. Aerothrix Wollenweber (1921) was used to designate those 

 actinomycetes which produce aerial mycelium. 



15. Pionnothrix Wollenweber (1921) was applied to those forms 

 which do not produce aerial mycelium. This designation and the pre- 

 vious one have received no consideration because of a lack of sufficient 

 characterization of the new genera, or rather subgenera, thus created. 

 The production of aerial mycelium alone is not a sufficiently distinct 

 characteristic to warrant separation of the actinomycetes into generic 

 types, although it is a very important characteristic. 



16. Euactinomyces Langeron, M. (1922).— This name was used to 

 designate aerobic actinomycetes, as distinct from the anaerobic Cohni- 

 streptothrix. It has no advantage over those previously suggested. 



17. Brevistreptothrix Lignieres (1924).— The generic name Brevi- 

 streptothrix was applied to the actinomycetes of the A. hominis group. 



18. Proactinomyces Jensen (1931).— This name was used to desig- 



