Chapter I — 1 5 — Taxonomy 



V. Filaments unbranched, fragmented into short rods, sometimes 



with granules and septa Leptotrichia. 



2. Filamentous, readily dividing into bacterial segments 



Proactinomycoideae. 



a. Filaments with angular growth, dividing into bacteria-like segments. 



a\ Acid-fast Mycohacterium. 



h\ Not acid-fast Corynehacterium. 



b. Long branching hyphae, filaments as in 2a; aerial mycelium may be 

 present but not different from vegetative mycelium: 



a'. Anaerobic Actinobacterium. 



V. Microaerobic, sometimes with sclerotial masses. 



Cohnistre'ptothrix. 

 c\ Aerobic, well-developed mycelium, aerial and vegetative myce- 

 lium undifferentiated Proactinomyces. 



II. Conidia always produced, with distinct aerial mycelium 



Actinomycetaceae. 



1. Conidia produced singly Micromonos'pora. 



2. Conidia seriated and multiple Actinomyces. 



M. Classification of Waksman II. (1940): 



I. Mycelium rudimentary or absent Mycohacteriaceae. 



1. Nonmotile. 



a. Acid-fast Mycobacterium. 



b. Non-acid-fast Corynehacterium. 



2. Motile Mycoflana. 



II. Mycelium produced. 



1. Spores formed by segmentation Proactinomycetaceae. 



a. Anaerobic forms Cohnistreftothrix. 



b. Aerobes Proactinomyces. 



III. Vegetative mycelium normally remaining undivided. 



1. Conidia formed in chains from aerial hyphae. . . . Actinomycetaceae. 

 Spores produced in chains Actinomyces. 



2. Conidia formed terminally and singly on short conidiophores 



Micro^nonos'poraceae. 

 Spores produced singly Micromonospora. 



N. Classification of Waksman and Henrici (1943): 



A. Mycelium rudimentary or absent Mycohacteriaceae Chester. 



I. Acid-fast organisms Mycohacterium Lehmann and Neumann. 



B. True mycelium produced. 



I. Vegetative mycelium fragmenting into bacillary or coccoid elements. 



Actinomycetaceae Buchanan. 



a. Anaerobic or microaerophilic, parasitic, not acid-fast 



Actinomyces Harz. 



b. Aerobic, partially acid-fast or non-acid-fast. . . . Nocardia Trevisan. 

 II. Vegetative mycelium not fragmenting into bacillary or coccoid ele- 

 ments Streptomycetaceae Waksman and Henrici. 



a. Multiplication by conidia in chains from aerial hyphae 



Streptoinyces Waksman and Henrici. 



b. Multiplication by single terminal spores on short sporophores 



Micromonospora Orskov. 



