Chapter VIII 



143 



Distribution 



Streptoviyces, it often becomes difficult to say with assurance whether a 

 certain culture represents a known species or is merely a variable strain. 

 The soil harbors many microorganisms which resemble nocardias and 

 which show a close relationship to the mycobacteria or even to the 

 corynebacteria. This makes the recognition of well-defined types of 

 actinomvcetes particularly difficult (425). The difficulty is further 

 complicated by the great heterogeneity and even pleomorphism of the 



Table 35 : A list of typical actinomycetes occurring in soils and in composts: — 



S. acidophilus (^Jensen) 



S. albus (Rossi-Doria em. Krainsky) 



S. antibioticus (Waksman & Woodruff) 



S. aureus (Waksman and Curtis) 



S. hohiliae (Waksman and Curtis) 



S. califoruicus (Waksman and Curtis) 



S. cellulosae (Krainsky) 



S. coelicolot (Muller) 



S. cretaceus (Kriiger) 



S. diastatochromogenes (Krainsky) 



S. erythrochromogenes (Krainsky) 



S. exfoliatus (Waksman and Curtis) 



S. flavus (Krainsky em. W & C) 



S. fradiae (Waksman and Curtis) 



S. fulvissimus (Jensen) 



S. griseoflavus (Krainsky) 



S. griseolus (Waksman) 



S. griseus (Krainsky em. W & C) 



N. actinomorphus (Gray and Thornton) 



N. agrestis (Gray and Thornton em. Jensen) 



n. alvi (Peklo) 



N. corrallina (Hefferan em. Jensen) 



N. elaeagnii (Boberg) 



N. erythropolis (Gray and Thornton em. 



Jensen) 

 N. flavescens (Jensen) 

 M. chalcea (Foulerton) Jensen 

 M. coerulea (Jensen) 



S. halstedii (Waksman and Curtis) 



S. hygroscopicus (Jensen) 



S. lavendulae (Waksman & Curtis) 



S. melanocyclus (Krainsky) 



S. microflavus (Krainsky) 



S. olivaceus (Waksman) 



S. olivochromogenus (Waksman) 



S. parvus (Krainsky) 



S. phaeochromogenus (Conn) 



S. reticuli (Waksman and Curtis) 



S. roseochromogenes (Krainsky em. Jensen) 



S. ruber (Krainsky) 



S. rutgersensis (Waksman & Curtis) 



S. scabies (Thaxter) 



S. verne (Waksman and Curtis) 



S. verticillatus (Kriss) 



S. violaceus (Gasperini) 



S. viridochromogenes (Krainsky em. W & C) 



N. gardneri (Waksman) 



N. mesentericus (Orla-Jensen em. Jensen) 



N. minimus (Jensen) 



N. opacus (den Dooren de Jong em. Jensen) 



N. paraffinae (Jensen) 



N. poly chromo genes (Vallee em. Orskov) 



N. salmonicolor (den Dooren de Jong em. 



Jensen) 

 M. jusca (Jensen) 

 M. parva (Jensen) 



nocardias. Because of the often questionable recognition of organisms 

 belonging to the genus Nocardia and because only few Micromonosfora 

 species have so far been isolated from the soil, there is a general belief 

 that the genus Streptomyces should be recognized as representing 

 the true and dominant soil types of actinomycetes. This merits certain 

 justification, especially in view of the fact that when a species of Stref- 

 toviyces loses the capacity of producing aerial mycelium it may well be 

 considered as a typical species of Nocardia (395). 



A list of typical soil actinomycetes is given in Table 35. These 

 fotrms may be regarded as established types of soil organisms. In addi- 

 tion to the forms here listed, many others have been isolated and de- 



