72 ACTINOMYCETES 



Potato: Growth good. Aerial mycelium chalk-white. No soluble pigment. 



Gelatin: Growth good, dark brown. No aerial mycelium. Soluble pigment 

 dark brown. Liquefaction rapid. 



Milk: Growth good; dark brown reverse. Aerial mycelium chalk- white, 

 later ash-gray. Soluble pigment dark brown. No peptonization. 



Starch: Colonies large, reddish, with reddish yellow reverse. Aerial myce- 

 lium velvety chalk- white. Hydrolysis medium. 



Cellulose: Growth good. 



Glucose broth: Sedimentary growth light yellow. No aerial mycelium. 

 Soluble pigment brownish yellow. 



Glucose-asparagine agar: Growth good, crumb-like, with reverse irregu- 

 larly brown-purple to brown-yellow. Aerial mycelium chalk-white, later 

 ash-gray. Soluble pigment carmine-red, later brown-red. 



Calcium malate agar: Growth good, crumb-like, yellow-brown to red in 

 reverse. Aerial mycelium velvety chalk-white. Soluble pigment yellow- 

 brown. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces an active pigment. 



58. Streptomyces lavendulae (Waksman and Curtis) Waksman and 

 Henrici. (Waksman, S. A., and Curtis, R. E., Soil Sci., 1, 1916, 126.) 



Aerial mycelium: Hyphae coarse, branching. Spirals close, 5-8 /x in di- 

 ameter. Conidia oval, 1.0-1.2 by 1.6-2.0 /x. 



Synthetic agar: Growth thin, spreading, colorless. Aerial mycelium cot- 

 tony, white, becoming vinous-lavender. 



Nutrient agar: Growth wrinkled, gray. 



Potato: Growth thin, wrinkled, cream-colored to yellowish. Color of 

 potato black. 



Gelatin: Surface growth creamy to brownish. Liquefaction. 



Milk: Ring cream-colored. No coagulation; peptonization, with strong 

 alkaline reaction. 



Starch: Growth restricted, glistening, transparent. Hydrolysis positive. 



Glucose broth: Sediment abundant, flaky. 



Nitrate: Reduction to nitrite. 



Temperature: Optimum 37°C. 



Antagonistic properties: Certain strains of this organism produce anti- 

 biotics. One such antibiotic, streptothricin, is active both in vitro and in 

 vivo against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and 

 actinomycetes. Certain other strains produce an antiviral agent, ehrlichin. 



Remarks : Soluble brown pigment formed in organic media. 



59. Streptomyces venezuelae Ehrlich, Gottlieb, Burkholder, Anderson, 

 and Pridham. (Ehrlich, J., Gottlieb, D., Burkholder, P. R., Anderson, L. E., 



