ANTIBIOTIC GROUPS 173 



d. Limited activity against mycobacteria. 



Griseoflavin 



e. Sulfur-containing compound. 



Sulfactin 



f. Yellow color changing to violet in alkaline reaction. 



Vinacetin 

 3. Proteins or polypeptides. 



a. Polypeptide; active against gram-positive rods. 



Cinnamycin 



b. Enzymatic in nature, lytic effect on both living and dead bac- 

 teria Actinomycetin 



(Actinozyme) 

 a 1 . Related to actinomycetin. 

 Mycetin 



c. Antibiotic combined with orange pigment, active against 

 gram-positive bacteria. 



Micromonosporin 



d. Thermostable substance, active only against certain myco- 

 bacteria Antismegmatis factor 



e. Active against mycobacteria. 



Nocardin 



f . Anti-Corynebacterium factor. 



Thermomycin 



B. Substances active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. 



I. Basic, thermostable, nonpigmented organic compounds. 



1. Soluble in water, insoluble in organic solvents, relatively complex 

 compounds, some of which are known to contain amino sugars, not 

 active against fungi. 



a. Yielding maltol on alkaline hydrolysis, low toxicity. 



Streptomycin 



b. Chemically reduced streptomycin. 



Dihydrostreptomycin 



c. Chemical derivative of streptomycin. 



Streptohydrazid 



d. Enzymatic cleavage yields streptomycin and d-mannose, 

 lower activity than streptomycin. 



Mannosidostreptomycin 



e. Yielding isomaltol on alkaline hydrolysis, higher toxicity than 

 streptomycin. 



Hydroxystreptomycin 



