198 THE ANTIBIOTICS 



biostatic action. The microbiostatic but not the lytic action is destroyed 



by heat (15 minutes at 100°C). The antibiotic is rapidly translocated 



in mice. 

 Toxicity: Intravenous injection or oral administration in mice showed no 



serious damage at the level of 550 mg/kg. 

 Utilization: Unknown. 

 Reference: Cercos, A. P., Rev. argentina agron., 20, 1953, 53-62. 



Candicidin 



Produced by: Streptomyces griseus and other Streptomyces. 



Synonym: Closely related to ascosin. 



Method of extraction: Adsorption on Super-Cel at pH 2.5. Extraction of the 

 Super-Cel cake containing also the mycelium with butanol. Butanol 

 concentrated in vacuo. Residue washed with petroleum ether and 

 acetone. Residue extracted with alcohol to yield water-soluble frac- 

 tion A and leave the insoluble fraction B. 



Chemical and physical properties: Fraction A is soluble in water, alcohol, 

 ethylene glycol, and insoluble in acetone and petroleum ether. Frac- 

 tion B is slightly soluble in butanol and ethylene glycol and insoluble 

 in water, alcohol, acetone, and petroleum ether. Both fractions give 

 the same Rf value by paper chromatography and have the same maxi- 

 mum absorption of ultraviolet light at 360-362, 380-381, 404-405 m/i. 

 Very unstable at acid reaction. 



Biological activity: Active mainly against yeasts and also against certain 

 filamentous fungi. Active against certain protozoa. Strong fungicidal 

 action against Candida albicans. Maximum activity between pH 7 

 and 8. Active in mice against C. albicans and B. dermatitidis. 



Toxicity: About the same for fraction A and B. LD 6 o (mice), subcutaneous, 

 about 200 mg/kg; intraperitoneal, about 50 mg/kg. 



Utilization: Not known yet. 



Reference: Lechevalier, H., Acker, R. F., Corke, C. T., Haenseler, C. M., 

 and Waksman, S. A., Mycologia, 45, 1953, 155-171; Kligman, A. M., 

 and Lewis, F. S., Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med., 82, 1953, 399-404. 



Carbomycin 



Produced by: Streptomyces halstedii. 



Synonym: Magnamycin. 



Method of extraction: Not published as yet. 



Chemical and physical properties: Monobasic, the free base forming white 

 needle-shaped crystals. Melts with decomposition at 200°C. Maximum 

 absorption of ultraviolet light at 240 nux in ethanol. [a]* 5 = -58.6° 



