ANTIBIOTICS OF ACTINOMYCETES 201 



Reference: Aureomycin, a new antibiotic. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 51 (2), 

 1948, 175-342; Stephens, C. R., et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc, 74, 1952, 

 4976-4977. 



Chromin 



Produced by: Organism related to Streplomyces antibioticus. 



Method of extraction: Broth acidified to pH 6-7 and treated with butanol. 

 Upon addition of ether to the concentrated butanol extract, a yellow- 

 ish brown precipitate is formed. 



Chemical and physical properties: Soluble in methanol and in water con- 

 taining butanol. Readily soluble in acetone and chloroform. Labile in 

 acid and alkali solutions. Maximum light absorption at 289, 303, and 

 317 mju. 



Biological properties: Active against a great number of yeasts and fila- 

 mentous fungi, but not against bacteria. 



Toxicity: Variable. 



Utilization: Somewhat promising against diseases caused by Candida 

 albicans. 



Reference: Wakaki, S., Akanabe, S., Hamada, K., and Asahina, T., J. 

 Antibiotics (Japan), 5, 1952, 677-681. 



Cinnamycin 



Produced by: Streptomyces cinnamoneus. 



Method of extraction: The filtered broth passed through a column of IRC 

 50, antibiotic eluted with HC1, and neutralized with IR4B. Solid 

 dissolved in 80 per cent methyl alcohol, and chromatographed over 

 alumina. 



Chemical and physical properties: Basic polypeptide, soluble in hydrated 

 alcohols and glacial acetic acid; insoluble in ether. Maximum light 

 absorption at 230 mju with a shoulder at 250-260 nnx. Aqueous solu- 

 tions levorotatory. Stable from pH 2 to pH 9. At 92°C for 3^ hour 

 no loss of activity at pH 9.0. Contains N and S; no halogen. Paper 

 chromatography of acid and basic hydrolyzates showed presence of 

 eight amino acids, including lanthionine and the amino acid C7H14N2O2S 

 isolated from subtilin. 



Biological activity: Active upon gram-positive rods and mycobacteria (5-55 

 mcg/ml); very active on Clostridium botulinum (0.085 mcg/ml); no 

 activity against gram-positive cocci, gram-negative bacteria, and 

 yeasts. 



Toxicity. Unknown. 



Utilization: Probably none. 



Reference: Benedict, R. G., Dvonch, W., Shotwell, O. L., Pridham, T. G., 

 and Lindenfelser, L. A., Antibiotics & Chemotherapy, 2, 1952, 591-594. 



