ANTIBIOTICS OF ACTINOMYCETES 213 



Musarin 



Produced by: Streptomyces sp. 



Method of extraction: Present in broth and mycelium. Acidified to pH 4.0 

 with H3PO4 with formation of a precipitate. The filtrate extracted 

 with neutral phosphate buffer. Back extraction with butanol, concen- 

 tration in vacuo. Residue dissolved in methanol and precipitated with 

 ether. 



Chemical and physical properties: Acidic substance. Soluble in aqueous 

 acetone and alcohol; insoluble in water or acetone. Sodium salt sol- 

 uble in water and alcohols; insoluble in ether and acetone. Fairly stable 

 in the sodium form. Maximum light absorption at 240 and 267 nui. 



C 3 6H6oOi 4 N 2 . 



Biological activity: Active against filamentous fungi, gram-positive bacteria, 



and mycobacteria. 

 Toxicity: No data. 

 Utilization: None to date. 

 Reference: Arnstein, H. R. V., Cook, A. H., and Lacey, M. S., J. Gen. 



Microbiol., 2, 1948, 111-122. 



Mycelin 



Produced by: Streptomyces roseoflavus. 



Method of extraction: Extraction of the mycelium with methanol. Con- 

 centration in vacuo. Precipitation of inactive materials with ethanol 

 and barium hydroxide leaves crude mycelin in solution. Further 

 purification by chromatography on alumina. 



Chemical and physical properties: Mycelin crystallizes from acetone in 

 form of prisms. Soluble in chloroform, butanol, methanol, ethanol, 

 acetone, and benzene. Insoluble in water, ether, and petroleum ether. 

 Contains no sulfur or nitrogen. Stable. 



Biological activity: Not active against bacteria. Active against filamentous 

 fungi. 



Toxicity: No data. 



Utilization: No data. 



Reference: Aiso, K, Arai, T., Washida, K, and Tanaami, T., J. Antibiotics 

 (Japan), 5, 1952, 217-219. 



Mycetin 



Produced by: Streptomyces violaceus. 



Method of extraction: Extraction of dried, pulverized agar culture with a 

 mixture of equal parts of ethanol and dichloroethane (the latter can 



