ANTIBIOTICS OF ACTINOMYCETES 217 



Biological activity: Active on gram-positive bacteria (0.12-0.5 mcg/ml); 

 mycobacteria (0.5-4.0 mcg/ml), and some fungi, such as C. albicans 

 (2 mcg/ml), T. mentagrophytes (16 mcg/ml); slightly active against 

 gram-negative bacteria (64 mcg/ml). Biological activity is inhibited 

 by potassium ions. 



Toxicity: LD M (mice), intraperitoneal, 2.5 mg/kg. 



Utilization: None, too toxic. 



Reference: Harned, R. L., Hidy, P. H., Corum, C. J., and Jones, K. L., 

 Antibiotics & Chemotherapy, 1, 1951, 594-596. 



Nitrosporin 



Produced by: Streptomyces fasciculus (nitrosporeus) . 



Synonym: Resembles proactinomycin. 



Method of extraction: Adsorption on charcoal and elution with acid acetone. 

 Adsorption on cation exchange resin and elution with dilute acid. 



Chemical and physical properties: Basic substance. Maximum light ab- 

 sorption at 250 and 320 m/z. Soluble in alcohol and ethyl acetate; 

 slightly soluble in ether and ethylene dichloride; insoluble in water 

 but soluble in dilute acids. Stability limited. C20H26N2O6. 



Biological activity: Active mainly against gram-positive bacteria; limited 

 activity against gram-negative bacteria; no activity against mycobac- 

 teria and fungi. 



Toxicity: LD 60 (mice), intravenous, 16 mg/kg. 



Utilization: Probably none. 



Reference: Umezawa, H., and Takeuchi, T., J. Antibiotics (Japan), 5, 

 1952, 270-272. 



Nocardamin 



Produced by: Nocardia sp. closely related to Nocardia flavescens. 



Method of extraction: Extraction of the broth with butanol. Butanol con- 

 centrated, in vacuo residue extracted with hot water and cooled to 

 yield needle-shaped crystals. 



Chemical and physical properties: Reddish substance, soluble in boiling 

 methanol, slightly soluble in hot water, m.p. 183-184°C. Optically inac- 

 tive. C 9 Hi4N 2 3 . 



Biological activity: No activity against bacteria and fungi. Active against 

 mycobacteria. 



Toxicity: No data. 



Utilization: Unknown. 



Reference: Stoll, A. von, Brack, A., and Renz, J., Schweiz, Z. Alleem. 

 Pathol. Bakt., 14, 1951, 225-233. 



