230 THE ANTIBIOTICS 



Sulfactin 



Produced by: Streptomyces roseus. 



Method of extraction: Acidification of culture filtrate to pH 3, extraction 

 with butanol, concentration in vacuo, residue washed with boiling 

 ether then extraction with chloroform. The chloroform extract could 

 be further purified by chromatographing on florisil. Crystallization 

 from boiling alcohol. 



Chemical and physical properties: White crystals, m.p. 245-275°C, with de- 

 composition. Soluble in chloroform, ethanol, ethyl acetate, dioxane, 

 and butanol. Almost insoluble in water, ether, petroleum ether, and 

 benzene. C38H66N11O7S4. 



Biological activity: Active mainly against certain gram-positive bacteria. 

 Not active against gram-negative bacteria and mycobacteria. Active 

 in mice against Diplococcus pneumoniae. 



Toxicity: LD 6 o (mice), intraperitoneal, 135 mg/kg. 



Utilization: None. 



Reference: Junovicz-Kocholaty, R., Kocholaty, W., and Kelner, A., J. 

 Biol. Chem., 168, 1947, 765-769; Morton, H. E., Proc. Soc. Exptl. 

 Biol. Med., 66, 1947, 345-348. 



Thermomycin 



Produced by: Streptomyces thermophilus (S form). 



Method of extraction: Salting out with ammonium sulfate or extraction with 



ether. 

 Chemical and physical properties: Heating 15 minutes at 100°C destroys 



thermomycin; 15 minutes at 75° destroys 25 per cent of the activity. 

 Biological activity: Active mainly against Corynebacterium diphtheriae. 

 Toxicity: No data. 

 Utilization: No data. 

 Reference: Schone, R., Antibiotics & Chemotherapy, 1, 1951, 176-180. 



Thioaurin 



Produced by: Streptomyces sp. 



Synonym: Similar to antibiotic HA-9. 



Method of extraction: Extraction of filtered broth with ethyl acetate. Concen- 

 tration in vacuo. Residue dissolved in carbon tetrachloride. Carbon 

 tetrachloride solution extracted with water, which is back extracted 

 with ethyl acetate. Upon concentration in vacuo and cooling, crystal- 

 lization occurs. Recrystallization from acetone. 



Chemical and physical properties: Golden yellow, needle-shaped crystals. 

 Relatively insoluble in water and organic solvents, m.p. 179-181°C, 



