XIV CONTENTS 



IV. Waxes, Higher Alcohols Including Sterols, Triterpenes, Glyceryl 

 Ethers, Colored Fats and Hydrocarbons (continued) 



(a) Wool Wax 368 



(b) Spermaceti 371 



(c) Sperm Oil 371 



c. Natural Waxes from Plants 372 



(a) Waxes from Plant Leaves and Stems 373 



a'. Carnauba Wax 373 



b'. Palm Wax 375 



c'. Ouricuri Wax 375 



(b) Waxes from Herbs and Shrubs 375 



a'. Candelilla Wax 375 



b'. Other Related Waxes 376 



( c ) Waxes from Grasses and Sedges 377 



a'. Sugar-Cane Wax 377 



b'. Other Related Waxes 378 



(d) W^axes from Leaves of Broad-Leaf Trees 378 



(e) Waxes from Leaves of Narrow- Leaf Trees 378 



(f ) Waxes from Roots and Rhizomes 379 



; (g) Waxes from Barks 379 



(h) Waxes from Fruits and Berries 380 



a'. Japan Wax 380 



b'. Apple Cuticle Wax 381 



c'. Pear Cuticle Wax 381 



d'. Waxes from the Cherry 381 



e'. Other Fruit Waxes 382 



(i) Seed Waxes 382 



a'. Jojoba Wax 383 



( j ) Flower Waxes 383 



d. Waxes from Microorganisms 383 



2. Triterpenes 383 



3. Glyceryl Ethers 392 



4. Colored Fats 396 



5 . Hydrocarbons 400 



(1) Squalene 400 



(2) Pristane 402 



(3) Other Hydrocarbons 402 



V. Chemistry of the Phosphatides and Cerebrosides 405 



A. Phosphatides 405 



1 . Introduction 405 



2 . Historical Development 407 



3 . The Lecithins 408 



(1) Structure of the Lecithins 408 



(2) Distribution of the Lecithins and Other Phospholipids 409 



(3) Preparation of the Lecithins 411 



(4) Separation of a- and /3-Lecithins 412 



(5) Synthesis of the Lecithins 413 



(6) Properties of the Lecithins 414 



(7) Lysolecithins 419 



(8) Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lecithins 421 



(9) Chemistry and Properties of Hydrolysis Products 424 



