CONTENTS XV 



Chemisl ry of the Phosphatides and Cerebrosides (continued) 



a. Fatty Acid Components of Lecithin 424 



b. Choline 426 



c. Glycerophosphoric Acid 432 



d. GlycerylphosphorylchoHne 437 



e. PhosphorylchoUne 438 



(10) Hydrolecithin 439 



•■ . Cephalins 439 



( 1 ) Multiple Nature of the Cephalins 439 



(2) Phosphatidylethanolamine and Cephalins in General 440 



a. Structure of Phosphatidylethanolamine 440 



b. Preparation of Phosphatidylethanolamine 441 



c. Synthesis of Phosphatidylethanolamine 442 



d. Properties of Phosphatidylethanolamine 442 



e. Lysocephalin 444 



f . Distribution of a- and /3-Cephalins 445 



g. Chemistry and Hydrolysis Products of Phosphatidylethanol- 



amine 445 



(a) Fatty Acids 445 



(b) Colamine 446 



(3) Phosphatidylserine 448 



(4) Inositol Phosphatides 450 



a. Brain Diphosphoinositide 452 



(5) Distribution of Phosphatidylethanolamine and Phosphatidyl- 



serine 453 



5 . The Sphingomyelins 454 



(1) Structure of the Sphingomyelins 454 



a. Sphingomyelin Fatty Acid Ester 455 



(2) Preparation of the Sphingomyelins 456 



a. Rosenheim and Tebb Method 456 



b. Levene Method 456 



c. Klenk and Rennkamp Method 457 



d. Thannhauser, Benotti, and Boncoddo Method 457 



(3) Tests for Purity of Sphingomyelin 458 



(4) Properties of the Sphingomyelins 459 



(5) Hydrolysis of Sphingomyelin 460 



(6) Chemistry of Hydrolysis Products of the Sphingomyelins and 



Their Derivatives 460 



a. Lignocerylsphingosine 460 



b. Sphingosine 461 



c. Dihydrosphingosine 464 



d. Lignoceryl Fatty Acid Esters and Synthetic Ceramides 464 



(7) Distribution of the Sphingomyelins ■ 465 



6 . The Phosphatidic Acids 466 



(1) Structure of the Phosphatidic Acids 467 



(2) Preparation of the Phosphatidic Acids 467 



(3) Properties of the Phosphatidic Acids 468 



(4) Hydrolysis of the Phosphatidic Acids 468 



(5) Enzymic Breakdown of Phosphatides to Phosphatidic Acids. . . 469 



(6) Compounds Related to Phosphatidic Acid 469 



7. Acetal Phosphatides (Plasmalogens) 470 



