HYDROCARBONS 



403 



C13H24 (oleatridecadiene), CieHso (oleahexadecadiene), C19H36 (oleanonadeca- 

 diene), C23H42 (oleatricosatriene), C24H50 (oleatetracosane), C26H54 (olea- 

 hexacosane), and C28H50 (oleaoctacosatetraiene). Shea butter, which is 

 the seed fat from Butyrospermum parki, contains 5-8% of a non-saponifi- 

 able residue. This includes cliiefly a hj^drocarbon "Kariten" which melts 

 at 64 °C., and has an empirical fonnula of (CsHg)^.*^^ It is believed to be 

 identical with "lUipen," C32H56 (m.p., 64.5°C.), isolated by Kobaj^ashi^^ 

 from illipe butter, which is a seed fat from Madhuca iiidica. 



A number of paraffin hydrocarbons have been found associated with 

 fmit and vegetable waxes. These are listed in Table 20. 



Table 20 

 Paraffin Hydrocarbons That Have Been Separated from Fruits and Vegetables 



" A. Etard, Compt. rend., II4, 364-366 (1892). 



" H. Matthes and H. Sander, Arch. Pharm., 246, 165-177 (1908). 



' H. Matthes and W. Heintz, Ber. deut. pfiarm. Ges., 19, No. 9, 325-328 (1909). 



^ A. C. Chibnall, S. H. Piper, A. Pollard, J. A. B. Smith, and E. F. Williams, Biochem. 

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' H. J. Channon and A. C. Chibaall, Biochem. J., 23, 168-175 (1929). 



' D. L. Collison and I. Smedlev-Maclean, Biochem. J., 25, 606-613 (1931). 



" K. S. Marklev and C. E. Sando, J. Biol. Chem., 101, 431 (1933). 



'' K. S. Markley, S. B. Hendricks, and C. E. Sando, ./. Biol. Chem., Ill, 133-146 

 (1935). 



' K. S. Marklcv, E. K. Nelson, and M. S. Sheiinan, ./. Biol. Chem., 118, 433-441 

 (1937). 



> K. S. Marklev and (J. Iv Sando, J. Biol. Chem., lH), 041-645 (1937). 



»■" P. \, Sahai and A. C. Chilniall, Biochem. J., 26, 403-412 (1932). 



' J. Ozaki, J. Agr. Chem. Soc. Japan, 6, 773-782 (1930); Chem. AbsL, 25, 2754 (1931). 



-" F. J. E. Collins, /. Soc. Chem. Ind., 54, 33-35T (1935). 



" N. L. Vidyarthi and M. Narasingarao, ./. Indian Chem. Soc, 16, 135-143 (1939). 



«» K. H. Bauer and G. Ulmbach, Ber., 65, 859-862 (1932). 



«« S. Kobayashi, /. Soc. Chem. Ind. Japan, 25, 1188-1196 (1922); Chem. AbsL, 17, 

 3106(1923). 



