luociii.MicAi. \("i"i\ ri"ii;s 



151 



youiiti; cells, considciiiltly more jiliicosc-C" 

 :icli\it>' was (IctcH'ti'd in ccUulai- const it ucMits 

 than with older cells. Much larij;er (|iiain it ies 

 of t'ernu-ntation i)i'oducts were tound in I he 

 nuMliiun in tiie case of the latter, howexci-. 

 With resj)iratory ('"( )■_■ , there was a deci-ease 

 in tiu' in(li\"iilual chemical i-eco\-eries with 

 an increase in the aji;e of the culture. The 

 Ijnhden-Meverhof-Parnas <!;lycolyt ic sch(>nio 

 was helie\'ed to he responsible for th(> major 

 portion of jjlueose lireakdown, only a minor 

 part going via the phosphogluconate decar- 

 lioxylation route. The age of the cells may 

 influenc(\ however, the extent of utilization 

 of either pathwaj' but not alter the over-all 

 pattern of glucose metabolism. 



Propionic acid has btuni reported as a 

 metabolite in micromonospora fermentation 

 (Hungate). Media containing a large num- 

 ber of carbohydrates will support the growth 

 of *S. gn'.scus; streptomycin production, how- 

 ever, is low or absent unless glucose, starch, 

 or maltose is present (Dulaney and Perl- 

 man). Streptomj'cin containing C^^ has been 

 obtained when S. griseus was grown on 

 media containing carbohvdrate labeled with 



C'. Addilion of inorganic phos|)h;itc to S. 

 (iris(iis fciinrnlat ions results in increased 

 rales of i;luc.)>e utilization. It results in an 

 almost complete suppression of st reptoinycin 

 product ion. 



l'\u't her studies on respiration of N. (/risrua 

 ha\'e been made by (lotllieb and .\nderson, 

 ()ginsky (I (tl., and Inoue, whose work was 

 reported in Chapter 7. 



Extensive studies on the respiration of 

 \arious carbohydrates by \arious nocardias 

 were made l)y McClung d al. (1958). War- 

 burg manometric techniciues and cell suspen- 

 sions in which endogenous respiration was 

 minimal (twice washed cells shaken over- 

 night in pll 7.0 buffer) were used. The efh- 

 ciency of carbon utilization was: glucose, 

 fructose > sucrose, mannose, galactose > 

 maltose > sorbose > lactose > arabinose 

 > cellobiose > rhamnose. When one of the 

 less readily utilized sugars was replaced in 

 part by glucose, the oxygen uptake was con- 

 sideraljly higher than with either sugar alone, 

 showing that the glucose stimulated the 

 utilization of the other sugar. Growth pat- 

 terns paralleled the respiration patterns. 



""M 



LEGEND 

 Q PROLINE 



GLUCOSE 



f]J MYCELIUM 



^ CARBON DIOXIDE 



■ STREPTOMYCIN 



•0 

 80 



TO 

 SO- 

 SO - 

 40- 

 30 - 

 20- 

 10 - 



i 



T 



2 4 5 



DAYS OF FERMENTATION 



Figure 71. Carbon balance of S. griseus fcrmpiilatioii (H(>i)iii(lue('(l from: WoodrufT, H. B. and 

 Ruger, M. J. Bacteriol. 56: 318, 1948). 



