CONTENTS XIX 



V. Blood Lipids (continued) 



(b) The Relationship of Acetonemia to Plasma Vitamin A 508 



(c) The Effect of Liver Disease on Plasma Carotene and Vitamin 



A 508 



(d) The Effect of Miscellaneous Diseases on Plasma Carotene 



and Vitamin A 508 



(2) Tocopherols (Vitamins E) 509 



a. Normal Values for Plasma Tocopherols 509 



b. General Physiologic Factors Related to the Level of Plasma Toco- 



pherols 511 



(a) Relation to Ingested Tocopherol 511 



(b) Maternal-Fetal Transfer of Tocopherols 511 



(c) Plasma Tocopherols in the Newborn and Young Animal 513 



(d) Plasma Tocopherols in Pregnancy 517 



c. The Plasma Tocopherol Levels in Abnormal Conditions 518 



(a) Plasma Tocopherols in Sprue 518 



(b) Plasma Tocopherols in Diabetes 518 



(c) Plasma Tocopherols in Muscular Dystrophies 519 



(d) Plasma Tocopherols in Miscellaneous Abnormalities 519 



VI. The Occurrence of Lipids in the Animal as a Whole 521 



1 . Introduction 521 



2. Theoretical Considerations in the Deposition of Lipids in Different Spe- 



cies 522 



3. Sources of Fat in the Animal Body 524 



(1 ) Dietary Fat as a Source of Lipids 524 



a. The Effect of Dietary Fats Containing Short-Chain Acids on the 



Composition of Storage Fat 526 



b. The Effect of Fats Containing Fatty Acids with an Odd Number 



of Carbon Atoms on the Composition of Storage Fat 527 



c. The Effect of Unsaturated Fats in the Diet on the Composition of 



Storage Fat 528 



(a) Oleic Acid 528 



(b) Elaidic Acid 529 



(c) Linoleic Acid 530 



(d) Linolenic Acid 530 



(e) Elaeostearic Acid 532 



(f ) Arachidonic Acid 532 



(g ) Miscellaneous Fatty Acids 534 



d. The "Soft Pork Problem" in Relation to the Ingestion of Unsatu- 



rated Fats 534 



(a) The Relationship of the Linoleate Content to the Type of Fat 



Ingested 535 



(b) The Hardening Effect of Cottonseed Oil 536 



(c) Factors Affecting the Ratio of Palmitic to Stearic Acid 536 



(d) The Hardening Effect of Carbohydrates 537 



(2) Carbohydrates as a Source of Body Fat 538 



a. Experimental Proof of the Conversion of Carbohydrate to Fat . . 538 



