82 II. DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION OF FATS 



Table 8 (footnote* continued) 



aa 3-Hydroxy-7-ketoeholanic acid, I. Imai, Z. physiol. Cheni., 248, 65-68 (1937). 



ab Lithiochotic acid; a- and 0-lago-desoxvcholie acid, S. Kishi, Z. physiol. Chem., 288, 

 210-220 (1936). 



ae N. Ishino, /. Biochem. (Japan), 28, 133-136 (1938). 



ad J. Schlossberger, Aim., 110, 244-245 (1859). 



" T. Kimura, J. Biochem. (Japan), 26, 327-331 (1937). 



«/ T. Ishihara and T. Mori, Arb. med. Fakultdt Okayama, 5, 538-541 (1935-1938). 



•» K. Yamasaki, J. Biochem. (Japan), 18, 323-324 (1933). 



ah S. Yonemura, /. Biochem. (Japan), 6, 287-296 (1926). 



ai K. Takahashi, Z. physiol. Chem., 255, 277-280 (1938). 



«» K. Ohta, Arb. med. Fakultdt Okayama. 6, 193-195 (1939). 



°* Tetrahydroxysterocholanic lactone; trihydroxysterocholanic lactone; bile acids 

 unconjugated, K. Yamasaki and M. Yuuki, Z. physiol. Chem., 244 t 173-180 (1936). 



"' Trihydroxysterocholanic lactone, C. H. Kim, J. Biochem. (Japan), 30, 247-249 

 (1939). 



am H. Imamura, ./. Biochem. (Japan), 81, 21-22 (1940). 



an Bufodesoxveholic acid, T. Okamura, J. Biochem. (Japan), 8, 351-360 (1928); 10, 

 5-9(1928). 



00 Trihydroxysterocholenic acid, T. Shimizu and T. Oda, Z. physiol. Chem., 227, 74-83 

 (1934). 



°p Tetrahvdroxycholene, pentahydroxybufostane, T. Kazuno, Z. physiol. Chem., 266, 

 11-30(1940'). 



°« Tetrahvdroxvcholane; trihvdroxv-bis-norsterocholanic acid, Y. Kurauti and T. 

 Kazuno, Z. physiol. Chem., 262, 53-60 (1939). 



of free cholic acid in cadaver bile, while Salkowski 470 demonstrated a nitro- 

 gen-free bile acid in human bile. The occurrence of such non-conjugated 

 bile acids is apparently related to a decrease in functional activity of the 

 hepatic tissue. Thus, when the reticuloendothelial system of this organ is 

 temporarily blocked by the injection of India-ink, a decrease in the con- 

 jugated bile acid concentration in the secretion is noted, according to 

 Yonemura. 471 Moreover, Schonheimer et a/., 472 as well as Colp and Dou- 

 bilet, 473 were able to isolate large amounts of cholic and desoxycholic acids 

 from the bile of a patient with hepatic disease, although only a minimum 

 content of conjugated bile acids could be demonstrated by gasometric 

 methods. Free chenodesoxycholic acid has also been found in abnormal 

 human bile. 467 Since the non-conjugated bile acids have been detected 

 chiefly under pathological conditions, the question which one naturally 

 poses is whether the non-conjugated acids ever occur normally in bile. 

 Colp and Doubilet 473 are of the opinion that normally only about 80% of 

 the bile acids are conjugated. Josephson and Jungner 474 reported the pres- 

 ence of unconjugated acids in the gall-bladder bile of several species; it was 

 especially high in rabbit bile and in one sample of guinea pig bile. Maeda 475 



470 E. Salkowski, Berl. klin. Wochschr., 54, 63-64 (1917). 



471 S. Yonemura, J. Biochem. (Japan), 7, 101-116 (1926). 



472 R. Schonheimer, E. Andrews, and L. Hrdina, Z. physiol. Chem., 208, 182-184 (1932). 



473 R. Colp and H. Doubilet, Arch. Surg., 83, 913-925 (1936). 



474 B. Josephson and G. Jungner, Biochem. J., 30, 1953-1959 (1936). 



475 K. Maeda, Arb. med. Fakultdt Okayama, 6. 101-102 (1938). 



