ROLE OF BILE IN LIPID ABSORPTION' 83 



Table 9 

 Telbost Fishes Having Cholic Acid and Taurine in Their Bilk 



Systematic name Common name Ref. 



Anago anago "Ginanago," anago fish, Conger eel a 



Carassius tinnitus "Funa," goldfish a 



Cyprinus carpio "Koi," carp a 



Muraenesox cinerem "Hamo," moray b 



Mugilcephalus "Bora," striped grey mullet c 



Pagrosomus major ''Tai-fish," pagrus, porgy b 



Plecoglossus aUivelis "Ayu," sweetfish d 



Salmo milktschish (Oncorhyn- "Masu," Pacific quinnat salmon e 



cus mason) 



Scomberemorus niphonius "Sawara," kingfish (mackerel) / 



Seriola quinqueradtata "Buri," amberfish (amberjack) g 



Stereolepis ishinagi "Ishinagi" h 



Tetrodon porphyleus Sieb. "Fugu-fish," globefish (puffer, i 



sea-hedgehog) 



Thunnus thynnus "Maguro," blue-fin tuna h 



« T. Hatakeyama and T. Okamura, ,/. Biochem. (Japan), 9, 333-335 (1928). 



fc T. Hosokawa, Okayama-Igakkai-Zasshi, 39, No. 446, 311-314 (1927). 



° S. Mivazi and T. Kimura, /. Biochem. (Japan), 26, 337-339 (1937). 



rf T. Kobayasi, Okayama-Igakkai-Zasshi, 39, No. 449, 923-928 (1927). 



« T. Fukui", Arb. med. Fakultat Okayama, -5, 201-204 (1937). 



/ M. Schoda, Okayama-Igakkai-Zasshi, 39, No. 447, 443-445 (1927). 



o H. Makino, J. Biochem. (Japan), 19, 249-251 (1934). 



* T. Shimada, J. Biochem,. (Japan), 26, 181-185 (1937). 



i M. Teraoka, J. Biochem. (Japan), 8, 341-350 (1928). 



isolated non-conjugated chenodesoxy cholic acid from normal chicken bile. 

 No free acid has been isolated from normal human bladder bile. 



Although under normal conditions most, if not all, of the bile acids are 

 conjugated, this situation may be reversed if large amounts of non-con- 

 jugated bile acids are administered. According to Foster, Hooper, and 

 Whipple 476 and Whipple alone, 477 free cholic acids given to an animal with a 

 bile fistula are conjugated to the extent of the glycine or taurine available. 

 It was postulated by these workers that only after the exhaustion of all 

 available glycine and taurine would the free cholic acid appear in the bile. 

 That this concept must be modified is evident from the more recent tests 

 of Josephson, Jungner, and R.ydin, 478 who injected comparatively large 

 doses of cholic acid (250 mg.) into cats and rabbits. A cannula was placed 

 in the common bile duct of the animal, and the gall bladder was ligated. 



476 M. G. Foster and C. W. Hooper, J. Biol. Chem., 38, 355-366 (1919); with G. H. 

 Whipple, Ibid., 38, 367-377; 379-392; 393-411; 413-420; 421-433(1919). 



477 G. H. Whipple, Physiol. Revs., 2, 440-459 (1922). 



478 B. Josephson, G. Jungner, and A. Rydin, Acta Med. Scand., 97, 237-253 (1938). 



