748 VII. LIPID DISTRIBUTION IN SPECIFIC TISSUES 



of the six fatty acids may form a glucose-containing and a galactose-con- 

 taining cerebroside, making a total of twelve possible cerebrosides. 



Galactose was identified as the carbohydrate component in the original 

 preparations from brain made by Thierf elder 245 and by Brown and Morris. 246 

 On the other hand, glucose was recognized as the sugar present in the cere- 

 broside isolated from the spleen in Gaucher 's disease by a number of 

 workers. 244i247_252 However, the galactose-containing cerebroside was also 

 identified in the spleen, 252-255 and its presence was confirmed many years 

 after the original finding. 247 The current opinion, which is concurred in 

 by Klenk and Rennkamp, 248 is that both the glucose and the galactose 

 types of cerebrosides occur in Gaucher's disease; the former type is the 

 more common one. The galactose type of cerebroside has been isolated 

 from normal beef spleen, 256 and from beef lung. 257 



Although the glucose-containing cerebroside occurs primarily under 

 abnormal conditions, the question arises as to whether or not it may also be 

 classed as a normal type of cerebroside. The latter viewpoint would seem 

 to be the correct one, since all normal and pathologic specimens examined 

 recently have contained small amounts of the glucose-containing type. 

 Under such conditions, it is a moot question whether or not brain cere- 

 broside contains the glucose type of cerebroside. 



According to Kimmelstiel, 258 brain contains about 2-3% of cerebroside, 

 which is slightly higher than the limits cited by Page. 259 The cerebrosides 

 are found in a much higher concentration in white matter than in gray 

 matter. 259,260 Cerebrosides are also widely distributed in tissues other than 

 brain. They have been observed in the liver, as well as in the spleen, in 



245 H. Thierf elder, Z. physiol. Chem., 14, 209-216 (1890). 



246 H. T. Brown and G. H. Morris, J. Chem. Soc, 57, 57-59 (1890). 



247 E. Klenk and E. Schumann, Z. -physiol. Chem., 267, 128-144 (1940). 



248 E. Klenk and F. Rennkamp, Z. -physiol. Chem., 272, 280-282 (1942). 



249 I. S. Danielson, C. H. Hall, and M. R. Everett, Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med., 49, 

 569-571 (1942). 



250 Aghion, La maladie de Gaucher dans I'enfance, Thesis, Paris, 1934; cited by E. 

 Klenk and F. Rennkamp, Z. physiol. Chem., 273, 253-268 (1942), p. 253. 



251 J. Polonovski, Compt. rend., 215, 443-445 (1942). 



262 B. Ottenstein, G. Schmidt, and S. J. Thannhauser, Blood, 3, 1250-1258 (1948). 

 2 « H. Lieb, Z. physiol. Chem., 140, 305-313 (1924); 170, 60-67 (1927). 

 254 H. Lieb and M. Mladenovic, Z. physiol. Chem., 181, 208-220 (1929). 

 256 H. Lieb and V. Gunther, Z. physiol. Chem., 271, 211-213 (1941). 



266 E. Walz, Z. physiol. Chem., 166, 210-222 (1927). 



267 S. J. Thannhauser and J. Benotti, unpublished observations; cited by S. J. Thann- 

 hauser and J. Benotti, Physiol. Revs., 26, 275-317 (1946), p. 307. 



268 P. Kimmelstiel, Biochem. Z., 212, 359-362 (1929). 



269 I. H. Page, Chemistry of the Brain, C. C Thomas, Springfield, 111., 1937. 

 260 A. Noll, Z. physiol. Chem., 27, 370-397 (1899). 



