DIGENETIC TREMATODES 27 



Echinostomum coalitum Barker and Beaver, 1915 



Host: Ondatra sihethica B.C. Knight, 1951 



This form was also reported from Czechoslovakia by Bartik et al. (1956). 



Taxonomy: The description of this species appeared in Barker (1915). How- 

 ever to give credit for unpublished material he included the names of both 

 authors in his paper. 



Morphology: Skrjabin and Baschkirova (1956) figured and described this form. 



Biology: The life history has been worked out experimentally by Krull (1935a), 

 though natural hosts apparently ai'e unknown for most of the larval stages. 



Echinostomum revolutum (Frolich, 1802) Loess, 1899 



Synonyms : Fasciola revoluta Frolich, 1802 

 Distoma echinatum Zeder, 1803 



Echinostoma echinatum (Zeder, 1803) Blainville, 1828 

 Distoma {Echinostoma) echinatum (Zeder, 1803) Dujardin, 1845 

 Distomiim dilatatum Aliram, 1840 

 Distomum annaium Molin, 1850 

 Echinostoma erraticum Lutz, 1924 

 Echinostoma ncglectum Lutz, 1924 



This synonymy is after Skrjabin and Baschkirova (1956). Beaver (1937) 

 proposed additional synonymies. 



Hosts: Ondatra zihethica Ore. Rider & Macy, 1947 



Senger & Neiland, 1955 

 Anas platyrJiynchus Ore. *Benton County 



Olor buccinator B.C. Cowan, 1946 



"Naturally infected snails" Ore. Senger, 1954 



Additional hosts from other areas were listed by Yamaguti (1958). The 

 species is cosmopolitan in both birds and mammals. 



Morphology: Beaver (1937) monographed this form and described and figured 

 the life stages. Additional figures may be found in Skrjabin and Baschkirova 

 (1956). Redescribed and figured by Perez Vigueras (1956). 



Biology: Beaver (1937) in his monograph gave a great deal of information 

 about the life history and general biology. Yamaguti (1958) included a 

 number of references to the biology of this species since Beaver's paper. 

 The life history involves Cercaria cchinata which develops within a snail 

 host, then encj^sts either in the same snail, a different snail, or even a clam 

 or tadpole. The definitive host gets the parasite by eating the cysts. This 

 is a parasite of man in some parts of the world and a potential human 

 parasite wherever it occurs. 



Stephanoprora sp. 



Host: Shaw (1947) listed Stephanoprora sp. from a gull of Oregon. 



* Asterisks denote new (previously unpublished) reports of the parasite in the area. 



