28 TREMATODES OF THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 



Cercaria cita Miller 1929 



This echinostome cercaria was described by Miller (1929) from Planorbis 

 sp. from Washington. It is of the magnacercous t3'pe. 



Family FASCIOLIDAE 



Fasciola hepatica Linnaeus, 1758 



Synonj^ms : Distoma hepaticum Linnaeus, 1758 

 Distomum hepaticum Retzius, 1786 

 Planaria latiuscula Goeze, 1782 



Cladococlium hepaticum (Linnaeus, 1758) Stossich, 1892 

 Distoma caviae Sonsino, 1890 



Hosts : 



Sheep 



Idaho 



Stiles, 1902; Hall, 1912 

 Stiles, 1902; Hall, 1912 

 Hall, 1912 



Guberlet, 1932a 

 Swales, 1933 

 Shaw, 1944 

 Swales, 1933 

 Hadwen, 1916; 

 Griffith, 1939; Bruce, 1930 

 Huffman & Dade, 1925 



For additional information about this well Icnown worm the reader is 

 referred to any of the standard parasitology' textbooks such as Belding (1952) 

 or Chandler (1955). Reinhard (1957) recently reviewed the history of the 

 discovery of the life cycle of the liver fluke. Skrjabin (1948) had a biblio- 

 graphy with approximately 375 entries in it on the family Fasciolidae. 



Biology : Cercariae develop in redia in various snails, encyst on the vegetation 

 or the surface of the water, and ultimately enter the definitive host. In 

 Oregon the following species of snail have been associated with Fasciola 

 hepatica: Lymnaea (==GaIba) bulminoides and Lymnaea (=GaIba) fer- 

 ruginea (Shaw, Muth, and Seghetti, 1939), Lymnaea trunculata (OSC 

 Agri. Expt. Sta. Director's Report, 1928). Probably in error since this form 

 is not known in North America. 



The following papers deal with Fasciola hepatica in the Pacific North- 

 west; many deal with treatment, pathologv, and control; OSC Agri. Expt. 

 Sta. Dir. Rept. 1928; Simms, 1917, 1920; Shaw and Simms, 1927; Shaw, 

 1932, 1934, 1944; Shaw and Muth, 1942, 1946. 



Fascioloides magna (Bassi, 1875) Ward, 1917 



Synonyms : Fasciohi magmi Bassi, 1875 



Fasciola carioca Hassall, 1891 

 Fasciola americana Hassall, 1891 

 Distomiiin texanuiii Francis, 1891 



