14 CONTEXTS 



PAGE 



of Nonpaternity, 177; Bernstein's Triple Allelomorph Theory, 

 178; Subgroups; Importance of Quantitative Difference, 179; 

 Presence of Subgroups Does Not Interfere With Eoutine Typing; 

 Irregular Agglutination; Importance of Temperature; M, N, and 

 P Factors of Human Blood, 181; Extra Agglutinin 1; Irregular 

 Isoagglutination at Temperatures Below 37° C. ; Autoagglutinins, 

 183; Cold Agglutinins; Pseudoagglutination ; Inhibition of Eoule- 

 aux Formation, 184; Nature and Distribution of Red Cell Haptens, 

 185. 



CHAPTEE XI 



Nature, Formation, Action and Measurement of Antibodies _ _ _ 193 

 Introduction; Antibodies, 193; Antigens, 194; Nature and Origin 

 of Antibodies, 195; Origin of Antibodies, 197; Unitarian Theory 

 of Antibodies, 198; Mechanism of Antigen- Antibodj^ Union, 199; 

 Method of Measuring Antibodies; Antitoxins; Unit of Tetanus 

 Antitoxin, 200; Agglutinins; Precipitins, 201; Bacteriotropins; 

 Antiaggressins; Hemolysins, 202; Method of Titrating Hemolysin, 

 203; Complement Titration; Unit of Complement, 204. 



CHAPTEE XII 



Mechanism of Antigen-Antibody Reactions. Cei^lular A(ioi.utination 208 

 Period of Discovery and Early Investigations; Grubor's Theory 

 of Agglutination; Bordet's Early Work; Discovery of Precipitins; 

 Dineur's Hypothesis of Agglutination, 208; Bordet's Objections to 

 Current Theories; Bordet's Two-Phase Theory, 209; Bordet's Defi- 

 nition; Bordet's Experiments on Effect of Electrolytes on Cholera 

 Vibrios, 210; Ehrlich's View; Subsequent Lines of Eesearch; 

 Studies on Effect of Dilution on Adsorption, 211; Effect of Frac- 

 tional Addition of Antigen; Bordet's Experiment Explaining 

 Danysz Phenomenon; Heidelberger and Kendall's Theory of Re- 

 action Mechanism, 212; Early Cataphoresis Experiment; Powis' 

 Work and the Critical Potential; Similarity to Denatured Pro- 

 teins; Buchanan's Suggestion, 213; Loeb; Northrop and DeKruif; 

 Shibley's Summary of Northrop and DeKruif 's Work, 214; Effect 

 of Sensitization on Charge, 215; Techniques; Measuring Cohesive 

 Force, 216; Extent of Surface Coating; Interfacial Tension Tech- 

 nique, 217; Behavior of Cells; Change in Surface Molecular 

 Orientation; Antigenic Components and Antibodies; Nonprotein 

 Carriers of Haptens, 218. 



CHAPTEE XIII 



Precipitins __________________ 222 



Introduction, 222; Early Investigations; Group Reactions; Value 

 in Tracing Biological Eelationship, 223; Nuttall's Conclusions, 



