ISOHEMAGGLUTININS 



175 



Hirschi'eld (1910-11), Hooker and Anderson (1921), Landsteiner 

 and Miller (1925) and also Landsteiner and Levine (1929, A and B) . 



Table III taken from the paper by Landsteiner and Miller 

 (1925) shows an interesting distribution of agglutinogens in the 

 blood of the lower animals. While many of these are similar to 

 certain agglutinogens in human blood they are not identical. 



For further information concerning the occurrence of receptors 

 similar but not identical witli liuman substances A and B in the 



Fig. 7. — Graph showing distribution of agglutinogens in apes resembling 

 those in man. Suggested by illustration in paper by Landsteiner, K., and Miller, 

 C. P., Jr.. J. Exp. Med. 42: 871, 102.5. 



blood of the lower animals the student should consult the reviinvs of 

 Wiener, Landsteiner and Snyder.* Bond! (1939) has shown that 

 snake blood contains agglutinins for the A and B factors of human 

 cells but that no A and B factors were present in the snake cells. 



Agglutinogen in Monkeys and Higher Apes. — In their studies 

 on the bloods of the lower monkeys and also of the anthropoid 

 apes, Landsteiner and Miller found an agglutinogen .similar but 

 not identical to the human B factor, in the red cells of Lemurs. 

 Platyrhinae, and Cercopithecidae. The red cells of the Gibbons 



♦Ferguson identified nine antigens in tlie erythrocytes of cattle, J. Immunol. 

 40: 213, 1941. 



tBond has also found similar agglutinins and also a species specific one in 

 turtles but not in alligator."?, J. Immunol. 39: 125, 133, 1940, 



