VITAMIN C 151 



erly carried out and the pasteurized milk is used in sufficiently liberal 

 amounts. His position on both these points has been amply confirmed 

 by later work. 



Hoist and Frolich (1913) found that cabbage dried quickly in an 

 oven at 37° C. lost little of its antiscorbutic property, and that on 

 keeping it in a desiccator the property was better preserved than when 

 the material was stored in a closed, moist receptacle for the same length 

 of time, thus indicating that destruction of the antiscorbutic substance 

 occurred more readily in the presence of moisture than in its absence. 

 Attempts to extract the antiscorbutic constituent from cabbage by 

 means of neutral ether were unsuccessful, but it was found to be 

 soluble in alcohol acidulated with 0.5 per cent of citric acid. 



A further study of the effect of dehydration upon the antiscorbutic 

 properties of cabbage was reported by Hoist and Frolich in 1916 but 

 escaped general notice until reported in English several years later 

 (Hoist and Frolich, 1920). Slices of cabbage dried for one week in 

 an oven at 37° C, further dehydrated at the same temperature by the 

 action of phosphoric anhydride, and then placed in vacuum bottles and 

 stored at the same temperature showed very pronounced antiscorbutic 

 properties after from 18 to 26 months. Cabbage dried at 37° C, but 

 not further dehydrated, lost most of its activity when kept for 18 

 months at 37° C. in closed vessels but retained it to a certain extent when 

 kept at from 4° to 12° C. Samples kept at 4° C. in closed vessels with- 

 out being previously dried showed moderate antiscorbutic properties at 

 the end of 18 months. 



Darling (1914) showed in an interesting way by tabulation and 

 diagrams the overlapping of the symptoms of beriberi, scurvy and 

 other deficiency diseases and the extent to which the symptoms of 

 experimental beriberi in fowls and experimental scurvy in guinea pigs 

 correspond with those of the diseases as observed in man. 



The interrelationship of scurvy, beriberi, rickets, and other deficiency 

 diseases, the relative susceptibility of different animals to scurvy, and 

 the striking resemblance between guinea pig and human scurvy have 

 also been discussed quite fully by Hess in his monograph on Scurvy, 

 Past and Present (1920). In calling attention to the fact that a diet 

 of polished rice or other decorticated grain will lead to the develop- 

 ment of scurvy in the guinea pig, to polyneuritis in the pigeon or fowl, 

 or to a combination of these disorders in the hog, he suggests that the 

 difference between susceptible and non-susceptible animals is relative 

 rather than absolute. Guinea pig and human scurvy are considered 

 practically identical, although the guinea pig is far more sensitive to 



