CONTENTS ix 



Page 



3. Cryptoxanthin 175 



4. Zeaxanthin 180 



5. Antheraxanthin 191 



6. Violaxanthin I93 



7. Auroxanthin 196 



8. Xanthophyll I97 



9. Xanthophyll epoxide and its transformation products 206 



10. Flavoxanthin 207 



11. Chrysanthemaxanthin 211 



12. Lycophyll 213 



References 214 



XII. Carotenoids of known or largely known structure containing one ormore 



carbonyl groups 218 



I . /?-Citraurin 218 



2. Rhodoxanthin 221 



3. Myxoxanthin 225 



4. Myxoxanthophyll 227 



5. Astacene and Astaxanthin 229 



6. Capsanthin 240 



7. Capsorubin 251 



References 253 



XIII. Carotenoid carboxylic acids 256 



1. Bixin 256 



2. Crocetin 272 



3. Azafrin 281 



References 290 



XIY . Carotenoids of partly or completely unknown structure 295 



1 . Rhodoviolascin 295 



2. Rhodopin 297 



3. Rhodovibrin 298 



4. Rhodopurpurin 299 



• 5. Flavorhodin 299 



6. Aphanin 3°° 



7. Aphanicin 3^4 



8. Flavacin 3^7 



9. Aphanizophyll 3^8 



10. Fucoxanthin 3^9 



11. Gazaniaxanthin 3^3 



12. Celaxanthin S^S 



13. Petaloxanthin 3^7 



14. Sarcinin and Sarcinaxanthin 3^9 



15. Taraxanthin 320 



16. Eschscholtzxanthin 323 



17. Echinenone 324 



18. Pectenoxanthin 326 



19. Pentaxanthin 326 



20. Sulcatoxanthin 3^7 



21. Glycymerin 328 



22. Cynthiaxanthin 3^8 



23. Torulin 329 



