ii6 CAROTENOID HYDROCARBONS OF KNOWN CONSTITUTION X 



Source 

 Evonymus japonicus 

 (Arillus) 



Momordica Balsamina 

 (Arillus) 



Momordica Charantia 

 (Arillus) 



Nertera depressa 

 Palm oil 



Pandanus polycephahis 



Solanum decasepalum 



Synaspadix petrichiana 



Tabernaemontana penta- 



sticta 



Taxus baccata 



Trichosanihes-species 



References 

 V. N. LuBiMENKO, Rev. gen. botan. 25 (1914) 474. 



G. and F. Tobler, Ber. deutsch. botan. Ges. 28 (1910) 

 365, 496. — B. M. Duggar, Washington Univ. Stud, i 

 (1913) 22. 



G. and F. Tobler, Ber. deutsch. botan. Ges. 28 (1910) 



365, 496. — B. M. Duggar, Washington Univ. Stud. 1 



(1913) 22. 



V. N. LuBiMENKO, Rev. gen. botan. 25 (1914) 474. 



P. Karrer, H. v. Euler and H. Hellstrom, Chem. 



Centr. 1932, I, 1800. — R. Kuhn and H. Brockmann, 



Z. physiol. Chem. 200 (1931) 255. 



V. N. LUBIMENKO, Rev. gen. botan. 25 (1914) 474. 



V. N. LuBiMENKO, Rev. gen. botan. 25 (1914) 474. 



V. N. LuBiMENKO, Rev. gen. botan. 25 (1914) 474. 



V. N. LUBIMENKO, Rev. gen. botan. 23 (1914) 474. 



R. Kuhn and H. Brockmann, Chem. Centr. 1933, II, 



553. 



N. A. Monteverde and N. V. Lubimenko, Bull. Acad. 



Sci. Petrograd. Ser. 6, 7, II, 1105. 



b) Other vegetable and animal sources: 



Butter 



Cantharellus cibarius 



Cantharellus httescens 



Cantharellus infundib ili- 



formis 



Coccinella septem punctata 



Human serum 



Vaccinium vitis idaea 



A. E. Gillam and I. M. Heilbron, Biochcm. J. 2g 



(1935) 834. 



H. WiLLSTAEDT, Chem. Centr. 1938, II, 2272. 



H. WiLLSTAEDT, Chem. Centr. 1938, II, 2272. 



H. WiLLSTAEDT, Chem. Centr. 1938, II, 2272. 



E. Lederer, Chem. C^ntr. 1936, I, 3853. 



E. V. Daniel and G. J. Scheff, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. 



Med. 33 (1935) 26. — E. v. Daniel and T. Beres, 



Z. physiol. Chem. 238 (1936) 160. 



H. WiLLSTAEDT, Svcnsk. Chem. Tid. 48 (1936) 212. 



Isolation 



For the isolation of lycopene, it is convenient to start from tomato pre- 

 serves rather than from the fresh fruit which contain about 97 % water . 

 WiLLSTATTER and Escher' worked up 75 kg of "Puree di pomidori con- 

 centrata" and obtained 11 g of once recrystallised lycopene. 



The preserves are shaken in bottles in portions of about 8 kg with 4 1 (or 

 preferably more) 95% ethanol. The mixture is then pressed through a fine cloth 

 under slight pressure. The operation is repeatedj|iLising about 3 1 of ethanol. The red 



References p. 165-iyo. 



