CAROTENOIDS 



Table 8. — Characteristic Flower Carotenoids* 



* Those ako occurring in leaves and fruit are not recorded here. 



REFERENCES TO TABLE 8. 



1. KUHN, R., and Lederer, E. (1931), Hoppe-Seyl. Z., 200, 108. 



2. Karrer, p., and More, R. (1932), Helv. Chim. Acta, 15, 863. 



3. Zechmeister, L., Beres, T., and Ujhelyi M. (1935), Ber. deutsh. chetn. Ges., 68, 1321. 



4. Strain, H. H. (1938), J. biol. Chem., 123,' 425. 



5. Karrer, P., and Rutschmann, J. (1942), Helv. Chim. Acta, 26, 1624. 



6. Karrer, P., and Rutschmann, J. (1944), Helv. Chim. Acta, 27, 1585. 



7. Karrer, P., Jucker, E., and Steinun, K. (1947), Helv. Chim. Acta, 30, 531. 



8. SchOn, K. (1938), Biochem. J., 32, 1566 ; ZECHMEISTER, L., and Schroeder, W. A. (1943), 



y. Amer. Chem. Soc, 65, 1535. 



9. Karrer, P., and Oswald, A. (1935), Helv. Chim. Acta. 18, 1303. 



10. Tappi, G., and Karrer, P. (1949), Helv. Chim. Acta., 32, 50. 



11. Karrer, P. (1945), Vierteljahrsch. Naturforsch. Ges. Zurich, 90, 1. 



12. Karrer, P., Jucker, E., Rutschmann, J., and Steinlin, K. (1945), Helv. Chim. Acta, 28, 



1146. 



13. Karrer, P., and Leumann, E. (1951), Helv. Chim, Acta., 34, 445. 



CAROTENOIDS OF REPRODUCTIVE TISSUES 



Characteristic carotenoids, antheraxanthin^ ^^'^^^ (C40H66O3) 5 : 6- 

 epoxyzeaxanthin) and a cw-isomer ^ » 7 have been isolated from the 

 anthers of Lilium tigrinum ; somewhat unexpectedly capsanthin was 

 also isolated. 2 * ^' 2 8 6 ^y suggestion that antheraxanthin may be a 

 carotenoid specifically associated with reproduction in plants is 

 apparently ruled out, for ^-carotene, a-carotene and lutein (xantho- 

 phyll)-epoxide are the only carotenoids in the anthers of Clivia 

 miniata. ^ ^ * Further, antheraxanthin probably exists in the fruit of 

 Euonymus europaeus. The very close resemblance between the pro- 

 perties of antheraxanthin and petaloxanthin suggests that they may 

 well be the same pigment {see Karrer and Jucker * for a comparison of 



50 



