CAROTENOIDS IN PLANTS 



REFERENCES TO TABLE 23. 



L TISCHER, J. (1938, 1939), Hoppe-Seyl. Z., 251, 109 ; 260, 257. 



2. Kylin, H. (1939), Kgl. Fysiogr. Sallskap. Lund. Fork., 9, 213. 



3. Heilbron, L M., and Lythgoe, B. (1936), J. chem. Soc, 1376. 



4. Karrer, p., and Rutschmann, J. (1944), Helv. Chim. Acta, 27, 1691. 



5. Heilbron, L M. (1942), X chem. Soc, 79. 



6. Seybold, a., and Egle, K. (1938), jfahrb. wiss. Botan., 86, 50. 



7. Strain, H. H. (1942), Ann. Rev. Biochem., 13, 591. 



8. TiSCHER, J. (1936, 1941), Hoppe-Seyl. Z., 239, 257 ; 267, 281. 



9. Goodwin, T. W., and Taha, M. M. (1950), Biochem. J., 48, 513. 



10. Strain, H. H., and Manning, W. M. (1943), J. Amer. Chem. Soc, 65, 2258. 



11. Hansen, A. (1884), Bot. Ztg., 42, 649. 



12. Ahmad, B. (1930), Biochem. J., 24, 860. 



13. Pace, N. (1941), J. biol. Chem., 140, 483. 



14. Mevius, W. (1923), Ber. deutsh. Bot. Ges., 41, 237. 



15. TisCHER, J. (1937), Hoppe-Seyl. Z., 250, 147. 



16. KuHN, R., Stene, J., and Sorensen, N. A. (1939), Ber. deutsch. Chem. Ges., 72, 1688. 



17. TiscHER, J. (1936), Hoppe-Seyl. Z., 243, 103. 



18. Karrer, P., Fatzer, W., Favarger, M., and Jucker, E. (1943), Helv. Chim. Acta, 26, 2121. 



19. Karsten, G. (1891), Bot. ztg., 47, 300. 



20. ZOPF, W. (1892), Beitr. Physiol. Morph. Nied. Org., 1, 30. 



21. Kylin, H. (1927), Hoppe-Seyl. Z., 166, 39. 



22. Kylin, H. (1912), Hoppe-Seyl. Z., 82, 221. 



23. WillstAtter, R., and PAGE, H. J. (1914), Liebig's Ann., 404, 237. 



24. WISSELINGH, C. V. (1914), Flora, 107, 371. 



25. Heilbron, L M., Parry, E. G., and Phipers, R. F. (1935), Biochem. J., 29, 1376. 



26. Tswett, M. (1905, 1906), Ber. deutsch. bot. Ges., 24, 235. 



27. Tswett, M. (1906), Ber. deutsch. bot. Ges., 24, 316. 



28. Heilbron, L M., and Phipers, R. F. (1935), Biochem. J., 29, 1369. 



29. Molisch, H. (1905), Bot. Ztg., (I) 63, 131. 



30. Karrer, P., Rubel, F., and Strong, F. M. (1935), Helv. Chim. Acta, 19, 28. 



31. Kylin, H. (191 1), Hoppe-Seyl. Z., 74, 105. 



32. BlELlG, H. V. (1948), Fiat. Rev. Germ. Sci. Biochemistry, Parts I and IV. 



33. Strain, H. H. (1949). In Franck, J., and LooMis, W. E., Photosynthesis in Plants, Iowa 



State Coll. 



34. Strain, H. H., Manning, W. M., and Hardin, G. J. (1944), Biol. Bull. Woods Hole, 86, 169. 



35. Wassink, E. C, and Kersten, J. A. H. (1946), Enzymologia, 12, 1. 



36. Scheer, B. T. (1940), J. biol. Chem., 136, 275. 



37. Manten, a. (1948), Phototaxis, Phototropism and Photosynthesis in purple bacteria and blue 



green algae, Univ. Utrecht. 



38. Dutton, H. J., and Manning, W. H. (1941), Amer. jf. Botan., 28, 516. 



39. Tischer, J. (1944), Hoppe-Seyl. Z., 281, 143. 



in Delesseria spp., Porphyra spp. (including P. nereocystis, P. naidum, 

 and P. perfo'^atd) or Schizymeria. The pigments concerned in photo- 

 synthesis in these algae belong to the phycobilin group. These findings 

 have still to be confirmed. In this connection, however, it should be 

 noted that Arnold and Oppenheimer ^ ^ ^^ found that the internal 

 transfer to chlorophyll of the light energy absorbed by pyocyanin 

 can account for the photo-synthetic effect of the latter. 



Photokinesis 



Although Engelmann^^* has claimed that the photosensitive zone 

 is a colourless region just anterior to the stigma, and Luntz^^' has 

 stated that it is impossible to claim more than that the photosensitive 

 structure occurs in the anterior third (which contains the stigma) of the 

 organism, it is now virtually certain that phototactic orientation of 

 algae is mediated through the stigma. The carotenoids are concentrated 

 in the eye spot of the flagellates and the action spectrum for a number of 



145 



