CAROTENOIDS 



Carotenoids in aquatic phanero- 

 gams, 57 



— in arachnids, 225 



— in arthropods, 167-72, 181 



— in aschelminthes, 166, 184-5 



— in bacteria, 118-23, 125 



— in birds, 259-64 



— in brachipoda, 167, 184-5 



— in bryophyta, 99 



— in cephalopoda, 178-9 



— in coelenterata, 156-60, 183-4 



— in deposits, fresh water, 209-10 



— in deposits, marine, 198-9 



— in echinodermata, 161-5, 183 



— in enteropneusta, 190 



— in fish, fresh water, 202-4 



— in fish, marine, 190-4 



— in fruit, 23-38 



— in fungi, 100-108 



— in gastropods, 179-80 



— in insects, 214-23 



— in invertebrates, freshwater, 201- 



2 



— in invertebrates, marine, 155-87 



— in leaves, 6-23 



— in lichens, 100 



— in mammals, land, 229-48 



— in mammals, marine, 197-8 



— in molluscs, 175-6, 182-3 



— in petals, 45-50 



— in platyhelminthes, 166 



— in pollens, 50, 52-3 



— in porifera, 155-6, 183-4 



— in polyzoa, 167, 184-5 



— in prapulia, 166, 184-5 



— in protozoa, 155 



— in pteridophyta, 99 



— in roots, 54-7 



— in reptiles, 225-6 



— in seeds, 42-4 



— in sipunculoida, 166 



— in thallophyta, 99-148 



— in tunicata, 189-90 



— , absorption by mammals, 250-1 



— , conversion into vitamin A, 269- 



82 



— destruction in animals, 252-3 

 in plants, 92-5 



— formation in algae, 139-41 



in arthropods, 172-3, 181 



in bacteria, 123, 125-7 



in coelenterata, 160 



in echinodermata, 165 



in fish, fresh water, 204-6 



in fish, marine, 194-6 



in fruit, 39^2, 66-70 



in fungi, 109-117 



in insects, 222—4 



Carotenoids, formation in leaves, 

 63-7, 70-3, 82 



in molluscs, 176, 181-2 



in petals, 48, 72 



—in roots, 56—7 



in seeds, 43-4 



— function in algae, 141, 145-58 

 in amphibia, fresh water, 211- 



13 



in arachnids, 225 



in arthropods, 173 



in bacteria, 127-8 



in birds, 266 



in coelenterates, 161 



in echinoderms, 165 



in fish, fresh water, 206-9 



in fish, marine, 196-7 



in fungi, 117-18 



in gastropods, 182 



in insects, 224-5 



in mammals, 249-50 



in molluscs, 178 



in oxygen transport, 85-6, 



128, 209 



in phanerogams, 83-92 



in photosynthetic responses, 



87-9, 117-18, 196-7, 206- 



8, 225 

 in photosynthesis, 86-7, 128, 



141, 145 



in redox systems, 83-5, 146-7 



in reproduction, 89-92, 118, 



147-8, 161, 165, 173, 178, 



187, 197, 208-9, 224-5, 



227, 243, 267 



— metabolism in amphibia, fresh 



water, 211-13 



in birds, 264-6 



in fish, fresh water, 204-6 



in fish, marine, 194-6 



in insects, 215-16, 219-22 



in mammals, 232—44 



in molluscs, 176-8 



p-Carotenone, 132 

 Caroteno-proteins, 131, 146, 156-7, 



161-2, 167-72, 175, 230 

 Carotenuria, 233 

 Carp, 209 

 Carpet grass, 290 

 Carrot fly, effect on carotene content 



of carrots, 83 

 Carrot leaves, 1 1 , 54 

 Carrots, 26, 54-7, 75, 78, 81-3, 290, 



295, 300 

 Cashew, 302 

 Cassava, 300, 302 

 Cats, 282 

 Cattle, ear wax of, 278 



344 



