PHYSIOLOGY 



95 



probably a carbohydrate. Oils occur in various Protozoa and 

 when there is a sufficient number of oil producing forms in a body 

 of water, the water may develop various odors. Whipple lists the 

 following Protozoa, each of which if present in large numbers, 

 may produce an offensive odor: Cryptomonas (candied violets), 

 Mallomonas (aromatic, violets, fishy), Synura (ripe cucumber, 

 muskmelon, bitter and spicy taste), Uroglenopsis (fishy, cod-liver 

 oil-like), Dinobryon (fishy, like rockweed), Chlamydomonas 

 (fishy, unpleasant or aromatic), Eudorina (faintly fishy), Pando- 

 rina (faintly fishy), Volvox (fishy), Ceratium (vile stench, rusty 



Fig. 37. a-d, two types of paramylon present in Euglena gracilis 

 (Biitschli); e-h, paramylon of E. sanguined, XllOO (Heidt). e, natural 

 appearance; dried forms; h, strongly pressed bodies. 



brown color), Glenodinium (fishy), Peridinium (fishy, like clam- 

 shells), and Bursaria (Irish moss, salt marsh, fishy). 



Fats have also been detected in many Protozoa, such as Myxo- 

 sporidia, Protociliata, certain Euciliata, Trypanosoma, etc. Ac- 

 cording to Panzer, the fat contents of Eimeria gadi was 3.55 per 

 cent and Pratje reports that 12 per cent of the dry matter of Noc- 

 tiluca scintillans appeared to be the fatty substance present in 

 granular forms and which are said to give phosphorescence upon 

 mechanical or chemical stimulation. A number of other dinoflag- 

 ellates, such as Peridinium, Ceratium, Gonyaulax, Gymnodini- 

 um, etc., also emit phosphorescence. In other forms the fats may 

 be hydrostatic in function, as is the case with a number of pelagic 

 Radiolaria. 



Another reserve food-stuff which occurs widely in Protozoa, 

 excepting Ciliophora, is the so-called volutin or metachromatic 

 granules. It is apparently equally widely present in Protophyta. 

 In fact it was first discovered in the protophytan Spirillum volu- 

 tans. Meyer coined the name and held it to be made up of a nu- 



