Chapter 12 

 Subclass 2 Zoomastigina Doflein 



THE Zoomastigina lack chromatophores and their body or- 

 ganizations vary greatly from a single to a very complex type. 

 The majority possess a single nucleus which is, as a rule, vesicular 

 in structure. A characteristic organella, the parabasal body (p. 

 66) is present in numerous forms and myonemes are found in 

 some species. Nutrition is holozoic or saprozoic (parasitic). Asex- 

 ual reproduction is by longitudinal fission; sexual reproduction is 

 unknown. Encystment occurs commonly. The Zoomastigina are 

 free-living or parasitic in various animals. 



With pseudopodia besides flagella Order 1 Rhizomastigina 



With flagella only 



With 1-2 flagella Order 2 Protomonadina (p. 239) 



With 3-8 flagella Order 3 Polyraastigina (p. 260) 



With more than 8 flagella Order 4 Hypermastigina (p. 277) 



Order 1 Rhizomastigina Biitschli 



A number of borderline forms between the Sarcodina and the 

 Mastigophora are placed here. Flagella vary in number from one 

 to several and pseudopods also vary greatly in number and in ap- 

 pearance. 



With many flagella Family 1 Multiciliidae 



With 1-3 rarely 4 flagella Family 2 Mastigamoebidae (p. 236) 



Family 1 Multiciliidae Poche 



Genus Multicilia Cienkowski. Generally spheroidal, but amoe- 

 boid; with 40-50 flagella, long and evenly distributed; one or 

 more nuclei; holozoic; food obtained by means of pseudopodia; 

 contractile vacuoles numerous ; multiplication by fission ; fresh or 

 salt water. 



M. marina C. (Fig. 107, a). 20-30/x in diameter; uninucleate; 

 salt water. 



M. lacustris Lauterborn (Fig. 107, h). Multinucleate; 30-40m 

 in diameter ; fresh water. 



235 



