248 PROTOZOOLOGY 



transmitted by the flea, Ceratophyllus fasciatus, in which the or- 

 ganism undergoes changes (Fig. 113); when, a rat swallows freshly 

 voided faecal matter containing the organisms, it becomes in- 

 fected. 



T. duttoni Thiroux. In the mouse; similar to T. lewisi, but rats 

 are not susceptible,, hence considered as a distinct species; trans- 

 mission by fleas. 



T. peromysci Watson. Similar to T. lewisi; in Canadian deer 

 mice, Peromyscus maniculatus and others. 



T. nahiasi Railliet. Similar to T. lewisi; in rabbits, Lepus 

 domesticus and L. cuniculus. 



T. paddae Laveran et Mesnil. In Java sparrow, Munia oryzi- 

 vora. 



T. noctuae (Schaudinn). In the little owl, Athene noctua. 



Several other species are known. 



Crocodiles, snakes, and turtles are hosts for Trypanosoma. 

 Transmission by blood-sucking arthropods or leeches. 



T. rotatorium (Meyer) (Fig. 115, a). In tadpoles and adults of 

 various species of frog ; between a slender form with a long pro- 

 jecting flagellum measuring about 35m long and a very broad one 

 without free portion of flagellum, various intermediate forms are 

 to be noted in a single host; blood vessels of internal organs, such 

 as kidneys, contain more individuals than the peripheral vessels; 

 nucleus central, hard to stain; blepharoplast small; undulating 

 membrane highly developed; myonemes prominent; multiplica- 

 tion by longitudinal fission; the leech, Placohdella marginata, has 

 been found to be the transmitter in some localities. 



T. inopinatum Sergent et Sergent (Fig. 115, b). In blood of 

 various frogs; slender; 12-20^ long; larger forms 30-35/i long; 

 blepharoplast comparatively large; transmitted by leeches. 



Numerous species of Trypanosoma have been reported from 

 the frog, but specific identificsPtion is indistinct; it is better and 

 safer to hold that they belong to one of the 2 species mentioned 

 above until their development and transmission become known. 

 T. diemyctyli Tobey (Fig. 115, c). In blood of the newt, Tri- 

 turus viridescens ; a comparatively large form; slender; about 50^ 

 by 2-5^; flagellum 20-25;u long; with well developed undulating 

 membrane. 



Both fresh and salt water fish are hosts to different species of 

 trypanosomes; what effects these parasites exercise upon the host 



