PROTOMOXADINA 251 



spreads from part to part; infected latex is a clear fluid, owing to 

 the absence of starch grains and other particles, and this results 

 in degeneration of the infected part of the plant. Several species. 



P. davidi (Lafront). 15-20/z by about 1.5)u; posterior portion of 

 body often twisted two or three times; multiplication by longi- 

 tudinal fission; widely distributed; in various species of Euphor- 

 bia. 



P. elmassiani (Migone) (Fig. 116, i, j). In various species of 

 milk- weeds; 9-20;u long; suspected transmitter, Oncopeltus fas- 

 ciatus (Holmes) ; in South and North America. 



Genus Herpetomonas Kent. Ill-defined genus (Fig. 112); ex- 

 clusively invertebrate parasites; Trypanosoma-, Crithidia-, Lep- 

 tomonas-, and Leishmania-forms occur during development. 

 Several species. 



H. muscaruyn (Leidy) {H. muscae-domesticae (Burnett)) (Fig. 



116, k). In gut of flies, belonging to the genera Musca, CalHphora, 

 Sarcophaga, Lucilia, Phormia, etc.; up to 30a£ by 2-3//. 



H. drosophilae (Chatton et Alilaire) (Fig. 116, l-n). In intestine 

 of Drosophila confusa; large leptomonad forms 21-25^ long, 

 flagellum body-length; forms attached to rectum 4-5^ long. 



Genus Leishmania Ross. Parasitic in vertebrate and inverte- 

 brate hosts, the latter not having been actually demonstrated, but 

 suspected; non-flagellate and flagellate forms occur (Fig. 112); 

 very minute; in vertebrate host the organism not flagellated; 

 spherical or ovoid, with a definite pellicle; nucleus eccentric; a 

 blepharoplast ; 2-5;u in diameter; organism enters endothelial cells 

 of blood capillaries and mucosae; spleen becomes highly en- 

 larged; transmitting agent believed to be blood-sucking arthro- 

 pods; in culture, the organism develops into leptomonad forms; 

 4 "species" in man, all of which are practically indistinguishable 

 morphologically from one another, and 2 of which are considered 

 as identical. 



L. donovani (Laveran et Mesnil) (L. infantum Nicolle) (Fig. 



117, a-f). The organism attacks endothelial cells and macrophage 

 of man, causing the disease known as "kala azar"; it occurs in 

 India, China, west to southern Russia, and regions bordering the 

 Mediterranean Sea. 



L. tropica (Wright) (Fig. 117, g, h). The organism invades ex- 

 posed skin and sometimes mucous lining of mouth, pharynx, and 

 nose of man; the disease is known as "Oriental sore"; distribution 

 is similar to the above-mentioned species. 



