488 PROTOZOOLOGY 



Suborder 1 Astomata Schewiakoff 



The ciliates placed under this suborder possess no cytostome, 

 although there may occur slit-like organella which has been 

 looked upon as a vestigial cytostome. Of various forms and sizes, 

 the body ciliation is uniform. Asexual division is carried on by 

 transverse fission and often by budding which results in chain 

 formation. Sexual reproduction is conjugation and in some en- 

 cystment was noticed. These organisms are parasitic in various 

 invertebrates in fresh or salt water. 



Without attaching organellae or skeletal structures 



Macronucleus round to elongate Family 1 Anoplophryidae 



Macronucleus irregular network. .Family 2 Opalinopsidae (p. 491) 

 With attaching organellae or skeletal structures 



Contractile vacuole, a long dorsal canal; usually with a sucking 



organella Family 3 Haptophryidae (p. 491) 



Contractile vacuoles not canal-like; with various attaching or- 

 ganellae or skeletal structures 



Family 4 Intoshellinidae (p. 493) 



Family 1 Anoplophryidae Cepede 



Genus Anoplophrya Stein (CoUinia Cepede). Oval, elongate, 

 ellipsoid or cylindrical; macronucleus ovoid to cylindrical; micro- 

 nucleus small; one to several contractile vacuoles; ciliation dense 

 and uniform; in coelom and gut of Annelida and Crustacea. 

 Numerous species. 



A. marylandensis Conklin (Fig. 226, a). 36-72^ by 16-42;u; in 

 intestine of Lumhricus terrestris and Helodrilus caliginosus ; Bal- 

 timore, Maryland. 



A. orchestii Summers et Kidder (Fig. 226, h). Polymorphic ac- 

 cording to size; pyriform to broadly ovoid; 7-45 ciliary rows 

 meridional, unequally spaced, and more on one surface; macro- 

 nucleus voluminous, a compact micronucleus; body 6-68^ long; 

 in the body of the sand-flea, Orchestia agilis; Woods Hole, Massa- 

 chusetts. Summers and Kidder (1936) made careful observation 

 on its conjugation and reorganization. 



Genus Rhizocaryum Caullery et Mesnil. With hollowed ventral 

 surface which serves for attachment; macronucleus drawn out 

 like a tree-root. One species. 



R. concavum C. et M. (Fig. 226, c). In gut of Polydora caeca and 

 P. flava (polychaetes). 



Genus Metaphrya Ikeda. Pyriform, anterior end bent slightly 



