48 I. LESLIE 



the growth of embryo chick heart explants, Leslie and PauP*^ report that 

 increased synthesis of phospholipids, PNA, and DNA occurred at concen- 

 trations of 1 X 10~2 to 3 units insulin/ml.; the response was not caused by 

 the presence of hyperglycemic factor. 



During the atrophy of the gastrocnemius muscle after section of the 

 sciatic nerve, Mandel, Bieth, and WeilP''^ find that changes in the inorganic 

 and ester phosphate follow the same pattern when results are expressed in 

 amounts per muscle and in amounts relative to the DNA-P content. In 

 another study, when oxygen uptake of rat tissue slices was referred to 

 fresh weight, kidney was most active, followed by brain, spleen, and liver; 

 when expressed as mm.^ 02/hr./unit DNA, brain had twice the uptake of 

 kidney, three times that of liver, and about ten times that of spleen.'^*^ 



Mandel, Metais, and Voegtlin"" determined the PNA, DNA, and 

 protein content of the bone marrow of the long bones of rats after depriv- 

 ing the animals of one or other of their endocrine g|ands. Expressing results 

 as amounts per 100 g. body weight, they found that thyroidectomy re- 

 duced protein, PNA, and DNA in that order, that gonadectomy had little 

 effect on male, but reduced PNA, DNA, and protein in female bone mar- 

 row, that adrenalectomy reduced all three constituents by 20 to 30% in 

 3 to 5 days, while hypophysectomy increased their amounts in bone marrow 

 over 28 days. In a continuation of previous work on the estrogen action 

 on the immature pullet, Phillips et alP^ found that testosterone propionate 

 and estradiol benzoate (singly or combined) did not alter the average 

 DNA-P content per nucleus of the liver (see footnotes 39, 180). Rat mam- 

 mary gland^^^ shows low values for the total content of PNA, DNA, and 

 PNA/DN A in the virgin animal ; during pregnancy DNA rises to a plateau 

 level at 10 days, while PNA and total N continue to increase to a maximum 

 throughout pregnancy and most of lactation, producing a peak PNA/DNA 

 ratio of 3. 



When different groups of human bone marrow samples (normal, iron- 

 deficiency anemia, untreated megaloblastic anemia, and untreated leu- 

 kemias) were examined, White et al?^- found that within each series the 

 DNA-P content per cell was constant over a wide range of marrow cellu- 

 larity. Only in the case of the megaloblastic anemia was the PNA-P per 

 cell significantly higher than in normal cells. Menten et al}^^ and Menten 



"" I. Leslie and J. Paul, /. Endocrinol. 11, 110 (1954). 



2« P. Mandel, R. Bieth, and J. D. Weill, Bull. soc. chini. biol. 35, 973 (1953). 



2" M. Jacob, L. Mandel, and P. Mandel, Compt. rend. soc. biol. 147, 1276 (1953). 



"0 P. Mandel, P. Metais, and R. Voegtlin, Compt. rend. soc. biol. 147, 1282 (1953). 



2" W. R. Kirkham and C. W. Turner, Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 83, 123 (1953). 



^^^ J. C. White, I. Leslie, and J. N. Davidson, J. Pathol. Bacterial. 66, 291 (1953). 



"3 M. L. Menten, M. Willms, and L. D. Wright, Cancer Research, 13, 729 (1953). 



