484 



PHYSIOLOGY OF GONADS 



of the o\'ary, but there is little we can ex- 

 plain. As we indicated earlier, a part of 

 this failure can be ascribed to the lack of 

 gonadotrophic preparations which either 

 singly or in combination will evoke changes 

 identical with those in untreated normal 

 animals, but this chapter alone contains an 

 enumeration of many other problems solu- 

 tion of which does not depend on this par- 

 ticular advance. The disappointment we ex- 

 press may be a reflection of what seems to 

 be the modus operandi in science. The ex- 

 tent of our application to unsolved prob- 

 lems is very unequal, but more often than 

 not it can be traced to an investigator's suc- 

 cess in achieving a "breakthrough"*' as 

 Edgar Allen, Doisy, Smith and Englc, Wil- 

 lard Allen and Corner, Hisaw and other 

 colleagues did in the twenties. At such a 

 time, enthusiasm is intense and there follows 

 a period of gratifying accomplishment, but 

 obstacles are encountered and often interest 

 lags, until another breakthrougli occurs. In 

 the meantime, effort may have been diverted 

 by discoveries elsewhere and the area of 

 investigation which attracted so many is 

 neglected and suffers. Ovarian physiology 

 should not remain in this state for long. 

 There is no tissue of the body in which 

 the changes are as conspicuous and as dra- 

 matic as those in the ovary and there is no 

 tissue which presents more variable aspects. 

 Many of the stages in the cycle of ovarian 

 structure and functioning are related to 

 changes elsewhere in the body — changes in 

 growth, in motility, in secretion, and in be- 

 liavior. All these changes, including those 

 within the ovaries, offer excellent end points 

 for continued quantitative and qualitative 

 studies. 



IX. References 



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" The word was not a part of the language of sci- 

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