OTTENBERG AND BERES 



917 



and O fathers. He postulates that the child dies during the pregnancy because of the 

 strong incompatibilities of its cells and the serum of its mother. Whether Hirsch- 



TABLE VII 

 Observed Exceptions to Theories of Mendelian Heredity of the Blood Groups' 



Authors 



Total 

 No. OF 

 Fam- 

 ilies 



Total 

 No. OF 

 CHIL- 

 DREN 



Exceptions 



TO ANY 



Mendell-^n 

 Hypothesis 



Families 



Chil- 

 dren 



Fam- 

 ilies 



WITH 



AB 

 Par- 

 ents 



Total 

 No. OF 

 Chil- 

 dren 



WITH 



AB 

 Par- 

 ents 



Exceptions to 

 Bernstein's 

 Hypothesis 



Families 



Chil- 

 dren 



von Dungern and Hirschfeld* 



Ottenbergt 



LearmonthI 



Tebbutt and McConnel§ 



Keynes] I 



Dyke and Budget 



Jervell** 



Kiriharaft 



PIussH 



Mino§§ 



Dossena|||| 



Staquetllll 



H. and L. Hirschfeld and Frokman*** 



Snyderftt 



Audeieva and GrizeviczJtl 



Furnihi§§§ 



Furuhata e/ a/. 1 1 1 1 1 1 



Thomsen^^lf 



Landsteiner and Levine**** 



Total 



72 



69 



40 



12 



12 



97 



32 



120 



84 



90 



150 



56 



62 



200 



84 



9 



399 



213 



107 



203 



127 



100 



45 



36 



97 



73 



339 



220 



2.i3 

 150 

 244 

 159 

 695 

 195 

 18 

 ,121 

 660 



4.=; 2 



9 



IS 

 6 



5 

 9 

 8 



9 

 64 

 46 



17 

 55 

 25 

 25 

 IS 

 41 

 14 

 38 

 18 

 18 

 213 

 165 

 42 



1 ,908 



5,187 



18 



27 



247 



771 



25 



51 



"Since the preparation of this article there has appeared a paper by H. Kliewe and R. Nagel {Klin. Wchnschr., 6, 2.3^2. 

 1927) in which the heredity of the blood groups in 28 families with 6g children is reported. There are no exceptions to the 

 rules of von Dungern and Hirschfeld. There are, however, 4 families of AB by O marriages with 10 children, and of tliese 5 

 children are e.Kceptions to the Bernstein hypothesis. Among the exceptions there is a group AB child of a group O mother and 

 there are two group O children of a group AB mother. These three exceptions cannot be ascribed to illegitimacy by Bernstein, 

 since no matter what the group of the father a group O mother cannot have an AB child, nor can a group AB mother have 

 a group O child on Bernstein's theory. Cases of this type should be very carefully checked up by examination of serum and 

 cells, since one such case absolutely proven completely invalidates Bernstein's hypothesis. The cases of Kliewe and Nagel 

 are not included in Table \TI. 



O. Weszeczky (Biochem. Z'schr., 107, isg. 1920) and J. A. Buchanan (J. A.M. A., 78, 89. 1922) have reported re- 

 spectively three and nine exceptions to any Mendelian hypotheses. Their technique has been so severely criticized and 

 their results are so out of proportion to those of all other workers that one is justified in omitting their families from this 

 table. 



* Zlschr.f. Immimitdlsforschung. u. exper. Therap., 6, 284. 1910. 



^J.A.M.A., 78, 873. 1922. 



XJ. Gen., 10, 141. 1920. 



§ Loc. cit. 



II Blood Transfusion, "Oxford Med. Pub." 1921. 



K Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., Pathol. Sec, 16, 43. 1923. 



** Deutsche Zlschr.f. d. ges. gerichtl. Med., 3, 42. 1923. 



ft Zlschr.f. klin. Med., 99, 522. 1924. 



%% Schweiz. med. Wchnschr., 54, 544. 1924. Fuller data are given in Lattes, L.: loc. cit. 



§§ Policlinico, 31, 293. 1924. %%% Cited from Lattes, L.: loc. cit. 



nil Ann. di. oslet., 46, 355. 1924. §§§ Cited from Hirschfeld, L.: loc. cit. 



W Arch, inlernat. de med. exper., 2, Ti. 1925. |||||| Loc. n7. 



*** Cited from Hirschfeld, L.: loc. cit. Iflfll Compt. rend. Soc. de biol., 96, 1496. 1927. 



ttfLoc. ci7. **** J. Immunol., 12, 41$. 1926. 



feld's opinion is correct cannot yet be said, but the facts are extremely suggestive and 

 the possibility cannot be excluded. 



